Chapter 10 Vocab Flashcards
John C. Calhoun
South Carolina’s senator that declared secession if slavery was outlawed
David Wilmot
introduced Wilmot Proviso (an amendment to military appropriations bill proposing that no slave or involuntary servant hood would exist in the territories the United States would gain from Mexico)
secession
formal withdrawal of a state from the Union
Zachary Taylor
General to secede Polk in Presidency and believed states should deal with slavery individually
Henry Clay
wrote the Compromise of 1850
Compromise of 1850
series of resolutions concerning slavery
popular sovreignty
the right of residents of a territory to vote for or against slavery
Daniel Webster
gave famous speech about standing as American and don’t secede cuz constitution is great :D
Stephen A. Douglas
passed individual statements of Compromise of 1850 (smarty-pants) but then later repealed Missouri Compromise
Millard Filmore
President Zachary Taylor’s successor who agreed with Compromise of 1850
Anthony Burns
escaped slave forced back into slavery in Virginia
Fugitive Slave Act
return of slaves without a trial and no testimony (harsh)
personal liberty laws
Northerners passed these an they forbade prisons for slaves and gave them the right to a jury against what the Fugitive Slave Act stated
Underground Railroad
a secret network of people that helped slaves escape
Harriet Tubman
a famous conductor on the Underground Railroad and helped over 300 slaves escape; strong abolitionist speaker later in life
Harry Grimes
a slave who ran away from North Carolina
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
book by Harriet Beecher Stowe that showed moral and political struggle within slavery; SOLD TONS OF COPIES
Harriet Beecher Stowe
author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Kansas-Nebraska Act
allowed popular sovereignty, made two territories, and deleted the Missouri Compromise
the sack of Lawrence
violent posse in Kansas that burned antislavery stuff
John Brown
abolitionist that rallied folks and tried to cause revolt but was shut down; also led the Pottawatomie Massacre
Pottawatomie Massacre
Revenge driven from the sack of Lawrence, abolitionists took men from their beds ad impaled them for destroying what they stood for.
Bleeding Kansas
term used to call Kansas after Pottawatomie Massacre, the sack of Lawrence, and other deaths due to the domino effect
Charles Sumner
delivered a speech in senate and made fun of southern beliefs and was attacked by Preston Brooks with cane and hit unconscious
Preston S. Brooks
attacked Sumner with a cane and was praised by the south
Horace Greeley
editor of the New York Tribune; abolitionist; against popular sovereignty; founder of the Republican party
Republican Party
new antislavery party in 1855; opposed Kansas-Nebraska Act and agreed to keeping slavery away from territories; some wanted Missouri Compromise but some were abolitionists
General Winfield Scott
Whigs presidential nominee in 1852
Franklin Pierce
1852 president winner for democrats
nativism
favoring of native-born Americans over immigrants
Know-Nothing Party
made of nativists, against immigration, anti-catholic, eventually split cuz of slavery issues and angled republican
Free-Soil Party
was a kind of Republican party that was against the extension of slavery into other territories (didn’t have to be an abolitionist); didn’t want blacks to settle in the communities or have voting rights
John C. Fremont
founder of CA; Republican presidential candidate; mapped Oregon trail
James Buchanan
Democrat’s nominee from the north but had southern friends and won the election in 1856 cuz he was the only one known to be the true national candidate; a week an indecisive leader
Dred Scott
a slave that claimed freedom in court after living north of Missouri Compromise line and then master died
Roger B. Taney
Supreme Court Chief Justice of the Dred Scott case that ruled no rights to slaves
Lecompton Constitution
constitution written up by proslavery folk in Kansas that protected slaveholder’s rights and they asked to join the union; free-soilers against it and took a vote and outnumbered them
Abraham Lincoln
Republican candidate that went against democrat Douglas for the 1858 senate position
Freeport Doctrine
Douglas’ response to Lincoln’s question of whether or not settlers could vote slavery illegal before it was a territory WAS: slavery only exists if supported by local police
Harpers Ferry
John Brown led 21 men and tried to capture federal arsenal and distribute weapons to begin slave uprising
William H. Seward
Republican many thought would be the presidential candidate for election of 1860
South Carolina
the first state to secede from the union
Confederacy
the secessionist states united an wrote new constitution that recognized slavery in multiple new territories & made each state sovereign and independent (this made it hard for them to unify during civil war)
Jefferson Davis
first president of the Confederate States of America
Alexander Stephens
vice president of the Confederacy
