Chapter 9: The Muscle Fiber Types Flashcards
slow twitch (type I)
contract more slowly, smaller in diameter, resistant to fatigue more than type II, better blood supply, more mitochondria, a large amount of myoglobin. Uses the oxidative pathway.
fast twitch muscles (type II)
respond rapidly to nervous stimulation, contain myosin that can break down ATP more rapidly, less blood supply, fewer and smaller mitochondria than slow twitch. Uses the glycolytic or oxidative pathway.
hypertrophy
increase in muscle size. Anything else?
atrophy
decrease in muscle size
anaerobic pathway
aerobic pathway
oxygen debt
the lag time between when a person begins to exercise and when they breathe more heavily.
muscle fatigue
the reduced ability to do work and lack of efficiency in performance
physiological fatigue
depletion of ATP, inflammation, oxygen debt, etc.
psychological fatigue
depends on emotional state of individual
physiological contracture
due to a lack of ATP neither contraction or relaxation can occur
rigor mortis
development of rigid muscles several hours after death
excess postexercise oxygen consumption
sarcopenia
a natural type of muscle atrophy that occurs with age
How are Type IIa and Type IIx muscle fibers similar?
They can both rely on glycolytic processes, however, Type IIa can respond to anaerobic and aerobic processes while Type IIx really only respond to anaerobic glycolysis.
