Chapter 10: Naming Muscles

Question 1

origin

Answer 1

beginning spot for muscles. Also known as the head. The on-moving end of the muscle

Question 2

insertion

Answer 2

The moving end of the muscle. The insertion moves closer to the origin

Question 3

belly

Answer 3

located between the origin and insertion

Question 4

tendon

Answer 4

tendons attach the muscles to the bones. It typically stretches fromt he belly to the attachment point

Question 5

aponeurosis

Answer 5

a very broad sheet-like tendon

Question 6

agonist

Answer 6

a muscle that does an action. The bicep flexes

Question 7

antagonist

Answer 7

a muscle working opposite to the agonist

Question 8

synergists

Answer 8

muscles that work together to create a mvoement.

Question 9

prime mover

Answer 9

plays a major role in causing a synergistic movement

Question 10

fixators

Answer 10

smaller muscles that help in stabilizing the synergistic movement

Question 11

what are the five ways muslces are categorized by name?

Answer 11

circular

convergent

Parallel

Pennate

Fusiform

Question 12

circular

Answer 12

fascicles are arranged in a circle around an opening and act as a sphincter to close the opening

Question 13

convergent

Answer 13

broadly distributed fascicles converge at a single tendon

Question 14

parallel

Answer 14

fascicles lie parallel to one another and to the long axis of the muscle

Question 15

pennate and the three sub categores

Answer 15

fascicles originate from a tendon that runs the length of the entire muscle.

unipennate

bipennate

multipennate

Question 16

fusiform

Answer 16

fascicles lie parallel to the long axis of the muscle. The belly of the muscle is larger in diameter than the ends. The fascicles taper at one end.

Question 17

lever system and the three types of levers

Answer 17

muscles and their tendons and bones act together

fulcrum

weight

pull

Question 18

Class I lever

Answer 18

The fulcrum is between the pull and the weight. Like a seesaw.

Question 19

Class II lever

Answer 19

the weight is located between the fulcrum and the pull. Like a wheelbarrow where the wheel is the fulcrum.

Question 20

Class III Lever

Answer 20

The most common type of levers in the body, the pull is between the fulcrum and the weight.

Question 21

How many muscles are in the human body?

Answer 21

roughly 656 muscles.

Question 22

What are the seven ways muscles are named?

Answer 22

location

size

shape

orientation of fascicles

origin and insertion

number of heads

function