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BIOL 3721 > Chapter 9 Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Terms Flashcards

1
Q

a group of three mRNA bases signifying one amino acid

A

codon

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2
Q

the sequence of amino acids in the protein corresponds to the sequence of base pairs in the gene

A

colinearity

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3
Q

the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons

A

reading frame

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4
Q

addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence

A

frameshift mutation

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5
Q

most amino acids are not specified by a single codon

A

degeneracy of the genetic code

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6
Q

UAA, UGA, UAG

A

nonsense codon

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7
Q

AUG in a particular context

A

initiation codon

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8
Q

the DNA strand complementary to the primary transcript

A

template strand

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9
Q

the DNA strand with the same base sequence as the primary transcript

A

RNA-like strand

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10
Q

a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA

A

intron

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11
Q

removing introns from the primary transcript

A

RNA splicing

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12
Q

using the information in the base sequence of a DNA strand to specify the base sequence of an RNA strand

A

transcription

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13
Q

using the information encoded in the base sequence of an mRNA to specify the amino sequence of a polypeptide

A

translation

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14
Q

produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript

A

alternative splicing

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15
Q

a tRNA with the appropriate amino acid attached

A

charged tRNA

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16
Q

copying RNA into DNA

A

reverse transcription

17
Q

two mutations affecting the same amino acid can recombine to give wild-type

A

existence of an intermediate messenger between DNA and protein

18
Q

single base substitutions affect only one amino acid in the protein chain

A

the genetic code is nonoverlapping

19
Q

two mutations affecting the same amino acid can recombine to give wild type

A

the codon is more than one nucleotide

BIOL 3721 (18 decks)

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