Chapter 9 Production of chemicals by electrolysis

Question 1

Brine

Answer 1

A concentrated sodium chloride solution

Question 2

Coulomb

Answer 2

A unit of charge, symbol C. It is the quantity of charge conveyed in one second by one ampere of current.

Question 3

Electrolytic cell

Answer 3

A cell in which electrolysis can occur

Question 4

Electrolysis

Answer 4

A process which produces a non-spontaneous redox reaction by the passage of electrical energy from a power supply through a conducting liquid

Question 5

Electroplating

Answer 5

Also known as deposition, a process which uses electrolysis to deposit a layer of metal on the surface of another material.

Question 6

Faraday

Answer 6

The charge on one mole of electrons, symbol F. One Faraday has a charge of 96500 Coulombs

Question 7

Faraday’s first law of electrolysis

Answer 7

The mass of metal produced at the cathode is directly proportional to the electrical charge passed through the cell. It may be written as m is proportional to Q

Question 8

Faraday’s second law of electrolysis

Answer 8

In order to produce one mole of a metal, one, two, three or another whole number of moles of electrons must be consumed.

Question 9

Non-spontaneous reaction

Answer 9

A reaction which would not normally occur without the application of electrical energy. It is the reverse of a spontaneous reaction which produces electrical energy.

Question 10

Reactive electrode

Answer 10

An electrode which is consumed in an electrochemical cell reaction

Question 11

Semi-permeable membrane

Answer 11

A membrane that will only allow certain molecules or ions to pass through it

Question 12

Spontaneous reaction

Answer 12

A reaction which occurs naturally, either in electrochemical cells or when chemicals are mixed directly. The reaction does not need to be driven by an external source of power.