Chapter 9: Oral Manifestations Of Systemic Diseases Flashcards
Acromegaly
A disorder that is caused by chronic overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland and is characterized by gradual and permanent enlargement of bones after closure of epiphyseal plates
Adipokines
Cytokines produced by adipose tissue (fat)
Agranulocytosis
A marked decrease in the number of granulocytes, particularly neutrophils
Anemia
A reduction in the number of red blood cells, quantity of hemoglobin, or volume of packed red blood cells to less than normal
Apertognathia
Anterior open bite
Aplasia
Lack of development
Arthralgia
Severe pain in a joint
Atherosclerosis
The process by which a lipid accumulates within the walls of large and medium sized arteries. It leads to reduce blood flow to and death of vital organs
Catabolism
component of metabolism that involves the breakdown of tissue
chemotherapy
treatment of disease by the use of chemical substances especially the treatment of cancer by cytotoxic and other drugs
coagulation
formation of clot
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
ecchymosis
small, flat, hemorrhagic patch larger than petechia on skin or mucosal membrane
Epistaxis
bleeding from nose
Exophthalmos
An abnormal protrusion
(bulging) of one or both eyes.
Fibrin
An insoluble protein that is essential to the clotting
of blood.
Gastrectomy
Surgical removal of the stomach
Gigantism
Excessive growth and height. Pituitary
gigantism is a condition caused by increased production of
growth hormone by the pituitary gland before closure of the
epiphyseal plates.
Hematocrit
Volume percentage of red blood cells in
whole blood.
Hematoma
A localized swelling that is filled with
blood caused by a break in the wall of a blood vessel.
Hypercalcemia
excess calcium in the blood
Hypercortisolism
A condition caused by prolonged exposure to cortisol
hypoglycemia
a deficiency of glucose in the bloodstream
Hyponatremia
A deficiency of sodium in the blood
Hormone
Secreted molecules produced in the body that have a specific regulatory action on target cells that are distant from their sites of synthesis; an endocrine hormone is frequently carried by the blood from its site of release to its target.
Icterus
Jaundice
International Normalized Ratio
A system established by
the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Committee on Thrombosis and Hemostasis for reporting the results of blood coagulation (clotting) tests.
Ischemia
An inadequate blood supply to an organ
or part of the body, especially the heart muscles.
Insulin
A hormone produced in the pancreas by beta cells in the islets of Langerhans; insulin regulates glucose metabolism and is the major fuel-regulating hormone.
Insulin Shock
Profound hypoglycemia, or low blood glucose level, that necessitates emergency intervention.
KEtoacidosis
Accumulation of acid in the body resulting from accumulation of ketone bodies
Kiolonychia
Spoon shaped nails
Leukopenia
A condition in which the number of WBC circulating in the blood is abnormally low
Macro vascular disease
Atherosclerosis of large and medium sized blood vessels
Macroglossia
Abnormally large tongue
Megaloblast
Large, abnormally developed RBC typical of certain forms of anemia and associated with deficiency of folic acid and vitamin b12
Menorrhagia
Abnormally heavy bleeding during menstruation
Mycrocyte
A red blood cell that is smaller than normal
Micro vascular disease
Damage to small blood vessels
Myalgia
Muscle pain
