Chapter 9 - Nutrition and Wound Healing Flashcards
What qualifies as dehydration?
1% decrease in BW due to fluid loss
How much water per day?
30-35 mL water/kg BW (2.7-3.7 liters/day)
Patients on air-fluidizing beds require _____ water/kg BW daily.
40-60
What is protein needed for?
- collagen synthesis
- granulation tissue formation
- angiogenesis
- remodeling
- immune function
How does protein affect wound healing?
Protein is 16% nitrogen, positive nitrogen balance needed for wound healing
How much protein per day?
1.25-1.5 g protein/kg BW
How many carbs per day?
30-35 kcal/kg BW
Fat-soluble vitamins
AEK
Vitamin A
healthy skin, epithelial integrity
reverse inhibitory effects of corticosteroids
Vitamin C
builds/maintains tissues
helps body absorb iron
control infection, eliminate free radicals
may help with preradiation
Vitamin K
blood clotting
B Complex Vitamins
8 vitamins
immune/energy metabolism
WBC formation, antibodies
Vitamin E
prevents free radical damaged
decreases inflammatory phase
Microminerals
Iron, Zinc, Copper, Magnesium
Macrominerals
Calcium, Phorphorous, Selenium
Body weight changes (week, month, 3 months, 6 months)
1% in a week
5% in month
7.5% in 3 months
10% in 6 months
BMI
40 obese 3
Dry hair, skin, membranes. Poor skin tugor. Increased HR and RR. Orthostatic hypotension. Confusion.
Water deficiency
Dull, dry hair. Pallor. Peripheral edema. Pressure ulcers.
Protein deficiency
Decline in BW. Pallor. Poor dentition.
Carbohydrate deficiency
Emaciated. Epidermal flaking. Fissuring of skin. Large flakes of dandruff.
Fat deficiency
Night blindness. Difficulty adapting to change in light intensity. Gingivitis. Pigment changes.
Vitamin A deficiency
Swollen gums that bleed. Transparent skin. Weakness. Delayed wound healing.
Vitamin C deficiency
Petechiae. Wound bleeds easily.
Vitamin K deficiency
