Chapter 9 - Nutrition and Wound Healing

Question 1

What qualifies as dehydration?

Answer 1

1% decrease in BW due to fluid loss

Question 2

How much water per day?

Answer 2

30-35 mL water/kg BW (2.7-3.7 liters/day)

Question 3

Patients on air-fluidizing beds require _____ water/kg BW daily.

Answer 3

40-60

Question 4

What is protein needed for?

Answer 4

• collagen synthesis
• granulation tissue formation
• angiogenesis
• remodeling
• immune function

Question 5

How does protein affect wound healing?

Answer 5

Protein is 16% nitrogen, positive nitrogen balance needed for wound healing

Question 6

How much protein per day?

Answer 6

1.25-1.5 g protein/kg BW

Question 7

How many carbs per day?

Answer 7

30-35 kcal/kg BW

Question 8

Fat-soluble vitamins

Answer 8

AEK

Question 9

Vitamin A

Answer 9

healthy skin, epithelial integrity

reverse inhibitory effects of corticosteroids

Question 10

Vitamin C

Answer 10

builds/maintains tissues
helps body absorb iron
control infection, eliminate free radicals
may help with preradiation

Question 11

Vitamin K

Answer 11

blood clotting

Question 12

B Complex Vitamins

Answer 12

8 vitamins
immune/energy metabolism
WBC formation, antibodies

Question 13

Vitamin E

Answer 13

prevents free radical damaged

decreases inflammatory phase

Question 14

Microminerals

Answer 14

Iron, Zinc, Copper, Magnesium

Question 15

Macrominerals

Answer 15

Calcium, Phorphorous, Selenium

Question 16

Body weight changes (week, month, 3 months, 6 months)

Answer 16

1% in a week
5% in month
7.5% in 3 months
10% in 6 months

Question 17

BMI

Answer 17

40 obese 3

Question 18

Dry hair, skin, membranes. Poor skin tugor. Increased HR and RR. Orthostatic hypotension. Confusion.

Answer 18

Water deficiency

Question 19

Dull, dry hair. Pallor. Peripheral edema. Pressure ulcers.

Answer 19

Protein deficiency

Question 20

Decline in BW. Pallor. Poor dentition.

Answer 20

Carbohydrate deficiency

Question 21

Emaciated. Epidermal flaking. Fissuring of skin. Large flakes of dandruff.

Answer 21

Fat deficiency

Question 22

Night blindness. Difficulty adapting to change in light intensity. Gingivitis. Pigment changes.

Answer 22

Vitamin A deficiency

Question 23

Swollen gums that bleed. Transparent skin. Weakness. Delayed wound healing.

Answer 23

Vitamin C deficiency

Question 24

Petechiae. Wound bleeds easily.

Answer 24

Vitamin K deficiency

Question 25

Pallor. Pale eyes. Hyper pigmentation. Redness/swelling of mouth. Mouth sores. Purple tongue. Swollen gums. Confusion. Muscle cramps. Anemia.

Answer 25

Vitamin B deficiency

Question 26

Decreased taste, dull, dry hair. Seborrhea-like dryness/redness of face

Answer 26

Zinc deficiency

Question 27

Pallor, yellow skin, soft nails, easily fatigued, anemia, dyspnea

Answer 27

Iron deficiency

Question 28

Thinning of hair, pigmentation changes

Answer 28

Copper deficiency

Question 29

Dehydration, NM hyperexcitability, confusion.

Answer 29

Magnesium deficiency

Question 30

NM hyperexcitability, kyphoscoliosis, compression fractures, bone pain

Answer 30

Calcium deficiency

Question 31

Skeletal deformities, fractures, bone pain

Answer 31

Phosphorous

Question 32

Decreased ability to fight infection, muscle pain and wasting

Answer 32

Selenium deficiency