Chapter 9 - Lifespan - Lectures Flashcards
At what age do young children begin to masterbate?
Two or Three.
Orgasm is rare before what age?
Two years old.
When do babies begin to explore their genitals?
7-10 months
“Sexual” behaviours in young children is motivated by what?
Curiosity and exploration
Neglecting infants can result in?
Higher than usual mortality rates and attachment disorder.
At what age do children start noticing and being curious about the physical differences between males and females?
One and two.
At what age can children start playing doctor, and when do they usually start “playing doctor”.
As early as 12-15 months, usually two years.
Is same sex sexual play during childhood indicative of sexual orientation?
No
When does interest in sex generally increase by?
Age 10
What is the most common expression of sexuality in preadolescence?
Masterbation
During preadolescence, do males or females masterbate more?
Males
Toward the end of preadolescence, what sorts of games do children play to explore their sexuality?
Spin the bottle.
Sexualization of girls can cause what symptoms in girls?
Depression, anxiety and shame
When does menarche being for girls?
Adolescence
When do males experience semenarche?
Adolescence
When do secondary sex characteristics develop?
Adolescence
When does puberty start for girls?
Between age 10-11
When does puberty start for boys?
Between 12-13
What is the primary sexual expression during adolescence?
Masterbation, although more and more partnered sexual activities occur.
What are examples of male-female sexual behaviour during adolescence?
Dating, Petting (touching above and below the waist), oral sex.
What percent of teenagers engage in “petting” before grade 11?
75%
What percent of Canadian youth engage in oral sex by grade 11?
50%
Average age for first sexual intercourse for Canadian males and females?
17 years old
What is one of the greatest predictors of early teen pregnancy?
Ineffective and inconsistent condom use
How common is condom usage among Canadian teenagers?
Most teenager use condoms.
Are rates of STIs low or high among Canadian teenagers?
High
What percent of grade 10 Canadians have sexual intercourse?
25%
Factors related to age of first sexual intercourse
Low connectedness to family and school, sexually permissive peers, alcohol use, smoking, low self-esteem (girls), high self-esteem, sex education.
Do adolescent females or males approve of casual sex more?
adolescent males
What percent of adolescents approve of premarital sex?
82% (the majority) if the couple loves one another; 58% if the couple likes each other; less than half if they’re religious.
A negative outcome of having a baby as a teen (for the baby)?
Baby is more likely to be underweight.
A negative outcome of having a baby as a teen (for the mother)?
Teen mothers more likely to have a lower socioeconomic status.
Obstacles faced by sexual minority youth
Discrimination, prejudice, violence, invisibility.
Gay and lesbian youth are…
More likely to be sexually active; earlier first sexual experiences; more likely to have been pressure into sex; more likely to have contracted an STI; more likely to have an unplanned pregnancy; and more likely to report emotional distress and low self-esteem.
What are different (sexual) lifestyles that most adults experience?
Cohabitation, marriage, and divorce.
4 developmental tasks associated with integrating sexuality in longer-term relationships
Passion, friendship, communication, and sexual health.
What are options for a single person to express sexuality?
Celibacy, serial monogamy, and casual sex.
Serial monogamy
Involved in one exclusive relationship after another
Celibacy
Complete sexual abstinence - either due to choice or lack of suitable partner.
4 kinds of casual sex
one-night stands, booty calls, fuck buddies, and friends with benefits
People who spend more time on Facebook report…
More jealousy-related feelings and behaviours
Canadians who marry after cohabiting are how much more likely to get divorced than those who did not live together first?
50%
Why do people marry?
Meets personal and cultural needs; legitimized sexual relations; provides legal structure; permits orderly transmission of wealth; love, companionship, children.
What are benefits of marriage for same-sex couples?
Social sanction, normalization of relationship; equality in decision making, child rearing, legal-economic benefits; closeness to partner/greater relationship satisfaction; less internalized homophobia; openness to idea of having children.
In 2008, the average age of first marriage for women and for men?
29.1 for women; 31.1 for men
In 1972, the average age of first marriage for women and for men?
22.5 for women; 24.9 for men
Do men get married more often for romantic reasons or pragmatic reasons?
Romantic reasons
Do women get married more often for romantic reasons or pragmatic reasons?
Pragmatic reasons
Homogamy
Marrying someone who is similar to oneself in social background and standing.
Half of all married 18-24 year olds report having sex how often?
2 to 3 times per week
How often do older adults report having sex?
A few times a month
When does the rate of sex tend to peak in a relationship?
During the first few years of marriage
What rate of men report having extramarital sex?
22%-25%
What rate of women report having extramarital sex?
11%-15%
Profile of an individual most likely to engage in extramarital sex.
Male, educated, less religious, more sexual interest, permissive sexual values, opportunities outside the marriage, and less satisfaction with their primary relationship.
How many marriages end in divorce in Canada?
Over 1/3 of marriages
Average age of divorce for women
40
Average age of divorce for men
44
Who is more financially disadvantaged due to divorce, men or women?
Women
What sexual difficulties do men between the ages of 40-80 experience?
Difficulties with erection, reaching orgasm, and sexual interest
What sexual difficulties do women between the ages of 40-80 experience?
Decreases in vaginal lubrication
When do most women experience perimenopause
Around 51
What are symptoms of menopause?
Reduced myotonia, reduce vaginal lubrication, reduced elasticity of vaginal walls, smaller increases in breast size during arousal, reduced intensity of muscle spasms during orgasm.
Physical and hormone-related changes in sexuality in men with older age
Decreases in testosterone in the brain and body is associated with a decline in sexual desire, longer time to erection and orgasm, need for more direct stimulation for erection and orgasm, less semen ejaculated during orgasm, erections may be less firm, less intense orgasmic contractions, lessened feeling of need to ejaculate, longer refractory period.
Sexuality-related developmental tasks in latter life
Maintaining self-perception as a sexual being; adapting to reduced frequency of sexual desire,adapting to reduced intensity of genital sexual response; adapting to death or disability of partner; adapting to entry into long-term care facility; using protection against HIV/STIs.
Effects of aging on gay males and lesbians
Emphasis on youth, particularly in gay male culture, increased feelings of discrimination/marginalization; social structures in Canada do not meet the sexual/relationship needs of older gay and lesbian Canadians; social and medical systems in Canada do not adequately address the social and medical needs of trans elders.
