Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYC105 > Chapter 9: Intelligence and IQ Testing > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Intelligence and IQ Testing Flashcards

1
Q

Child prodigy

A

an individual who displays astounding intellectual achievements at an early age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what was Chris Langans IQ

A

195

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is intelligence according to boring

A

intelligence is whatever intelligence tests measure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what radical hypothesis did Galton propose?

A

intelligence is a byproduct of sensory capacity
- most knowledge first comes through the senses, therefore people with superior sensory capacities (like eyesight), should aquire more knowledge than other people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what did Cattell believe

A

intelligence was a matter of raw sensory input

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what falsifies Galtons Claim

A

helen keller

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

who developed the first intelligence test?

A

Binet and Simon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

intelligence test

A

a diagnostic tool designed to measure overall thinking ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what similarities did ninet and Simons items have

A

higher mental processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

higher order processes include

A

reasoning, understanding, and judgement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

most experts agree that intelligence has something to do with ________

A

abstract thinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

abstract thinking

A

the capacity to understand hypothetical concepts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In 1921 a panel of 14 expects agreed that intelligence consists of what four things?

A
  • reason abstractly
  • learn to adapt to novel environmental circumstances
  • acquire knowledge
  • benefit from experience
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how do western nations view intelligence

A
  • the capacity to reason well and quickly
  • amass large amounts of knowledge in breif periods of time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how do some non western countries view intelligence

A

reflecting peoples wisdom and judgement more than their intellegtual brillance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what was the postive correlation between Binet and Simons items

A

people who got one item correct were more likely than chance to get others correct
(were fairly low 0.2-0.3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What was Charles SPearmens hypothesis

A

the existence of a single shared factor (general intelligence) accounted for the overall differnece in intellect amoungst people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

general intelligence

A

hypothetical factor that accounts for the overall difference in intellect amongst people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what did spearman think accounted for individual differences in intellect

A

mental energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

g=

A

general intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Stephen Jay Gould argued that intelligence is

A

merely a statistical artifact; he proposed the existence of factor s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

who wrote the influential book, the mismeasure of man

A

Stephen Gould (19810

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

factor s =

A

specific abilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

specific abilities

A

particular ability level in a narrow domain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what did Louis Thurstone discover in 1938

A

some intelligence test items relate more highly to each other than other items do : theses items form clumps of related abilities corresponding to different intellectual capacities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

who discovered fluid intelligence?

A

John Horn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

fluid intelligence

A

the capacity to learn new ways of solving problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

crystallized intelligence

A

accumulated knowledge of the worlds that we acquire over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

which type of intelligence is more likely to decline with age

A

fluid intelligence is more likely to decline with age than crystalized intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

which intelligence is more highly related to g

A

fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

fluid intelligence may be related to

A

“mental engine” which spearmen refereed to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

crystalized intelligence is mildly associate with

A

personality trait referred to openness to experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

characteristics of individuals with high openess to experience

A

imaginative, intellectually curious, excited about exploring new ideas and things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

multiple intelligences

A

idea that people vary in their ability levels across different domains of intellectual skill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what is Gardners theory

A
  • there are numerous “frames of mind” or different ways of thinking about the world
  • researchers must demonstrate that different intelligences can be isolated from one another in studies of people with brain damage
  • argues intelligence should be especially pronounced in people with exceptional talents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

what does gardner beleive about autistic savants

A

provide support for the existence of multiple intelligence.
- they have remarkable abilities in one or two domains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What does Gardner suggest regarding intelligence and evolution

A

differnt intelligences makes sense. They should help organsism survive or make it easier for them to meet future mates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

what is the 9th intelligence called

A

extistential intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

existential intelligence

A

the ability to grasp deep philosophical ideas, such as the meaning of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

linguistic intelligence

A

speak and write well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

lofico-mathematical

A

use logic and mathematical skills to solve prob;lems such as scientific questions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

spital intelligence

A

theink and reason about objects in 3 dimensional space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

musical intelligence

A

preform, understand, and enjoy musci

44
Q

body kinesthetic intelligence

A

manipulate the body in sports, dance, or other physical endeavours

45
Q

interpersonal intelligence

A

understand and interact effectively with others

46
Q

intrapersonal intelligence

A

understand and posses insight into self

47
Q

naturalistic intelligence

A

recognize, identify, and understand animals, plants, and other living things

48
Q

who proposed the idea of 8 differnent intelligences

A

Gardner

49
Q

what are the 8 differnet intelligences

A

lingustic
logico-mathematical
spital
musical
bodily kinestetic
interpersonal
intrapersonal
naturalistic

50
Q

triachic model

A

model of intelligence possed by Robert Sternburg positioning 3 differnt types of intelligence: analytical (book smart), practical (street smart), and creative

51
Q

analytical intelligence

A

the ability to reason logically
“book smart”

52
Q

practical intelligence is also called

A

tacit intelligence

53
Q

practical intelligence

A

the ability to solve real world problems, especially those involving other people

54
Q

creative intelligence

A

out ability to come up with novel and effective answers to questions

55
Q

where does g loaded memory reside

A

prefrontal cortex

56
Q

prefrontal cortex functions

A

planning, impulse control, and short term memory

57
Q

what is the correlation between IQ and self esteem

A

0.2-0.3

58
Q

double curse of incompetence

A

people with poor cognitive skills are especially likely to overstimate their intellectual abilities

59
Q

what plays a role in intellectual overestimations

A

metacogntive skills

60
Q

metacognitive skills

A

knowledge of our own knowledge

61
Q

when was the standford Binet IQ test first published

A

1916

62
Q

standford binet IQ test

A

intelligence test based on the measure developed by binet and simon, adpated by lewis Terman of standford university

63
Q

which IQ test is used today?

A

revised 5th edition of the Standford-Binet IQ test

64
Q

what tasks does the standford Binet IQ test consist of?

A

vocabulary, memory for pictures, naming of farmilar objects , repeating sentences and following commands

65
Q

what was Termans great achievement

A

develop a set of norms (baseline)

66
Q

who invented the intelligence quotient

A

Wilhelm Stern

67
Q

intelligence quotient (IQ)

A

systemic means of quantifying differences amount people and their intelligences

68
Q

how to calculate IQ

A

divide mental age by cronological age and multiply the resulting number by 100

69
Q

mental age

A

average persons performance on an intelligence test

70
Q

chronological age

A

age in years

71
Q

flaw in Sterns intelligence test

A

once we hit the age of 16, our preformance on IQ tests dont increase much

72
Q

deviation IQ

A

expression of a persons IQ to their same aged peers
- relied on by most researchers

73
Q

when and who was the IQ test translated to english

A

Henry Goddard
1908

74
Q

What percent of immigrants were believed to have an intellectual disability because they could barely speak english

A

40 percent

75
Q

eugenics

A

movement during the 20th century to improve a populations genetic stock by encouraging those with good genes to reproduce and discouraging those with bad genes to reproduce

76
Q

encouraging people with good genetics to reproduce =

A

positive eugenics

77
Q

discouraging people with bad genetics from reproducing =

A

negative eugenics

78
Q

What 2 disturbing practices are eugenics associated with

A
  • restrict immigration from other countries because theu believed they were of low intelligence
  • sterilization of low IQ individuals
79
Q

how many Canadians went under forceful sterilization

A

66,000

80
Q

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

A

most widely used intelligence test for adults today
- consists of 15 subsets to asses different types of mental abilities

81
Q

what were the 15 subsets in the WAIS designed to asses

A

information, comprehension, arithmetic, Similarities, Digit span, vocabulary, digit symbol, picture completion, block design, visual puzzles, figure weights

82
Q

what are the 2 most common IQ tests for children

A

1) Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)
2) Wechsler Primary and Preschool Scale of intelligence

83
Q

Culture fair IQ tests

A

abstract reasoning measure that does not depend on language and is often believed to be less influenced by cultural factors than other IQ tests

84
Q

what is the best known culture fair test

A

Ravens progressive Matrices

85
Q

are IQ scores fixed

A

no
- can go up as much as 10 points or more in a matter of months

86
Q

reliability

A

the consistency of a measurement

87
Q

test-retest reliability

A

the extent to which scores on a measure administered several times are roughly identical

88
Q

do IQ score prior to age 2-3 correlate to adult IQ

A

no, not at all

89
Q

Habituation

A

tendency to stop responding to repeated presentations of the same stimuluss

90
Q

what is a measure of infant intelligence that is more promising

A

speed of habititation

91
Q

Validity

A

the extent to which a test measures what it purports to measure

92
Q

Do IQ scores predict academic success in highschool and university

A

yes they correlate about 0.5

93
Q

Within a population, IQ scores are distributed in a _________

A

bell curve

94
Q

bell curve

A

distribution of scores in which the bulk of the scores fall towards the middle

95
Q

about 90 percent of people have an IQ between

A

70-130

96
Q

assortative matching

A

the tendency of individuals with similar genes to have children

97
Q

why are IQ score typically on a bell curve

A

because of assortive matching

98
Q

intellectual disability criteria

A

a) onset prior to adulthood
b) IQ below aprroximetly 70
c) inadequate adaptive functioning (difficultly feeding self, dressing self, communicating with others, and other basic life skills)

99
Q

what percent of individuals in north America fulfill the criteria for intellectual disability

A

1%

100
Q

mild forms of intellecual disabilities are typically due to

A

genetic and environmental influences

101
Q

Servere forms of intellecual disabilities are often a result of

A

rare genetic mutations or accidents during birth

102
Q

how many different causes are there of intellectual disabilities

A

200

103
Q

What are the most common genetic associations with intellectual disability

A

fragile X syndrome
Down syndrome (chromosome 21)

104
Q

if you qualify in the top 2% of IQ what organization do you qualify for

A

mensa

105
Q

emotional reasoning effect

A

tendency to judge the validity of an idea by our emotional reactions to it

PSYC105 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions