Chapter 9: Intelligence

Question 1

Diagnostic tool designed to measure overall thinking ability

Answer 1

Intelligence test

Question 2

Capacity to understand hypothetical concepts

Answer 2

Abstract thinking

Question 3

Hypothetical factor that accounts for overall differences in intellect among people

Answer 3

g (general intelligence)

Question 4

Particular ability level in a narrow domain

Answer 4

s (specific ability)

Question 5

Capacity to learn new ways of solving problems

Answer 5

Fluid intelligence

Question 6

Accumulated knowledge of the world acquired over time

Answer 6

Crystallized intelligence

Question 7

Idea that people vary in their ability levels across different domain of intellectual skill

Answer 7

Multiple intelligences

Question 8

Model of intelligence proposed by Robert Sternberg positing three distinct types of intelligence: analytical, practical, and creative

Answer 8

Triarchic mode

Question 9

Expression of a person’s IQ relative to his or her same-aged peers

Answer 9

Deviation IQ

Question 10

Movement in the early twentieth century to improve a population’s genetic stock by encouraging those with good genes to reproduce, preventing those with bad genes from reproducing, or both

Answer 10

Eugenics

Question 11

Most widely used intelligence test for adults today, consisting of 15 subtests to assess different types of mental abilities

Answer 11

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

Question 12

Abstract reasoning measure that doesn’t depend on language and is often believed to be less influenced by cultural factors than other IQ tests are

Answer 12

Culture-fair IQ test

Question 13

Distribution of scores in which the bulk of the scores fall toward the middle, with progressively fewer scores toward the “tails” or extremes

Answer 13

Bell curve

Question 14

Intelligence test based on the measure developed by Binet and Simon, adapted by Lewis Terman of Stanford University

Answer 14

Stanford-Binet IQ test

Question 15

Systematic means of quantifying differences among people in their intelligence

Answer 15

Intelligence quotient (IQ)

Question 16

Age corresponding to the average individuals performance on an intellectual test

Answer 16

Mental age

Question 17

Condition characterized by onset prior to adulthood, IQ of below 70, and an inability to engage in adequate daily functions

Answer 17

Mental retardation

Question 18

Extent to which the variability of a trait within a group is genetically influenced

Answer 18

Within-group heritability

Question 19

Extent to which differences in a trait between groups is genetically influenced

Answer 19

Between-group heritability

Question 20

Tendency of a test to predict outcomes better in one group than another

Answer 20

Test bias

Question 21

Fear that we may confirm a negative group stereotype

Answer 21

Stereotype threat

Question 22

Capacity to generate many different solutions to a problem

Answer 22

Divergent thinking

Question 23

The capacity to generate the single best solution to a problem

Answer 23

Convergent thinking

Question 24

Ability to understand our own emotions and those of others to apply this information to our daily lives

Answer 24

Emotional intelligence

Question 25

Application of intelligence toward a common good

Answer 25

Wisdom

Question 26

Our physiological defense against evidence that contradicts our views

Answer 26

Ideological immune system