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Hormones and Behavior > Chapter 9: Homeostasis > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Homeostasis Flashcards

1
Q

homeostasis

A

the maintenance of a steady state within an organism by means of physiological or behavior feedback control mechanisms

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2
Q

osmosis

A

process of movement of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane (such as that of a living cell) into a solution of higher solute concentration that tends to equalize the concentrations of solute on the two sides of the membrane

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3
Q

osmotic thirst

A

motivation of drink water caused by an increase in salt in the intracellular space that causes water to move out of cells; cells then begin to shrink

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4
Q

hypovolemic thirst

A

thirst induced by lack of water in the body, often due to loosing fluids such as blood and sweat

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5
Q

nephrons

A

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6
Q

loop of Henle

A

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7
Q

ascending limb

A

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8
Q

aldosterone

A

a mineralocorticoid that causes the kidneys to retain sodium

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9
Q

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)/ vasopressin

A

a peptide hormone released from the posterior pituitary gland that increases blood pressure during blood loss

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10
Q

paraventricular nucleus (PVN)

A

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11
Q

supraoptic nucelus

A

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12
Q

osmoreceptors

A

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13
Q

baroreceptors / stretch receptors

A

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14
Q

organum vasculosum of the limina terminalis (OVLT)

A

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15
Q

angiotensin II

A

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16
Q

renin

A

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17
Q

glucose

A

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18
Q

ketone bodies

A

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19
Q

insulin

A

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20
Q

glycogen

A

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21
Q

gluconeogenesis

A

the production of glucose from amino acids, a process that occurs in the liver in response to mild fasting

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22
Q

cephalic phase of insulin release

A

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23
Q

digestive phase of insulin release

A

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24
Q

Type I diabetes

A

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25
Q

Type II diabetes

A

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26
Q

Gestational diabetes

A

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27
Q

diabetes mellitus

A

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28
Q

diabetes insipidous

A

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29
Q

glucagon

A

a protein hormone that is secreted by the alpha-cells of the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels

30
Q

MSH

A

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31
Q

CART

A

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32
Q

AgRP

A

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33
Q

orexigenic hormones (definition)

A

hormones that stimulate food intake

34
Q

orexigenic hormones (types)

A

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35
Q

anorexigenic hormones (definition)

A

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36
Q

anorexigenic hormones (types)

A

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37
Q

metabolic syndrome

A

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38
Q

HDL

A

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39
Q

LDL

A

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40
Q

Prader-Willi Syndrome

A

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41
Q

androgens

A

the primary steroidal product secreted from the testes

42
Q

grehlin

A

a peptide hormone produced by stomach cells; it is thought to increase feelings of hunger

43
Q

orexin

A

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44
Q

endorphins

A

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45
Q

progesterone

A

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46
Q

CCK (cholecystokinin)

A

a hormone released by the lining of the small intestine that may be involved of the satiation of food intake

47
Q

CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone)

A

a peptide hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of ACTH (corticotropin) by the anterior pituitary gland

48
Q

GHRH (growth hormone-releasing hormone)

A

also called somatocrinin. A polypeptide hormone that is released from the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus that provokes the secretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland

49
Q

estradiol

A

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50
Q

leptin

A

a protein hormone secreted by fat cells that may communicate information to the brain about body fat content

51
Q

asprosin

A

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52
Q

neonatal progeroid syndrome

A

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53
Q

H. pylori

A

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54
Q

gut microbiome

A

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55
Q

subtheraputic antibiotic treatment (STAT)

A

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56
Q

fecal transplantation

A

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57
Q

glycogenolysis

A

the breakdown of stored glycogen in the liver or muscles to provide a steady supply of glucose for energy

Hormones and Behavior (6 decks)

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