Chapter 9- Enteral Nutrition Flashcards
when is enteral nutrition needed?
when client cannot consume adequate nutrients and calories orally but maintains a partially functional gastrointestinal system
nasoenteric tubes
short-term (less than 3-4 weeks)
nasogastric tubes
short-term use, goes from nose to stomach
nasodudodenal tube
tubes pass from the nose through the stomach and end in duodenum
nasojejunal tube
pass from the nose through the stomach and end in jejunum
which tubes are used in clients who are at risk for aspiration?
nasoduodenal and nasojejunal tubes
ostomies
placed for clients requiring LONG-TERM enteral feeding
gastrostomy tubes
long term use, tube inserted directly into the stomach (or intestines)
what is the alternative to the PEG tube
- skin level gastrostomy (aka low profile gastrostomy)
- more comfortable, longer lasting, and fully immersible in water
standard formulas
contains WHOLE proteins, requires fully functioning GI tract
how much calories can standard formula provide?
1.0-1.2 cal/mL
hydrolyzed formula
contains PARTIALLY digested proteins, use for impaired GI tract
how much calories can hydrolyzed formula provide?
1.5-2.0 cal/mL
when should you measure tube?
each shift and before each feeding
when do you discard bags/tubing?
every 24 hours
when do you measure gastric residual?
every 4-6 hours, return residual to stomach
How much and when do you flush?
flush feeding tubes with 30 ml water every 4 hours (warm ) Helps maintain PATENCY
how high do you elevate HOB?
elevate HOB to 30 degrees during feeding, and for 30-60 min after feeding
when do you flush?
flush tubing with 15-30 ml of water before, after, and in bw medications
how much do you fill feeding tube?
fill feeding bags with only 4 hours worth of formula to prevent bacterial contamination
cyclic feeding
administered at continuous rate over 8-12 hours time period
-during sleeping hours
intermittent tube feeding
administered every 4-6 hr in equal portions of 250-400 mL over 30-60 min time frame
