Chapter 9: Discrimination Flashcards
When understanding prejudice, norms are __________, (suggesting how people should behave), whereas stereotypes are descriptive I suggesting how people do behave.
Perscriptive
True or false: prejudice definitions can include or positive negative judgements
True
Which of the following is true of LGBTQ people & job discrimination?
90% of transgender people report being harassed or mistreated at work. Transgender people often report being fired for their gender expression.
Prejudice is having a negative attitude toward groups or individuals, whereas _______ is when those attitudes turn into behaviors toward the group or individual
Discrimination
Which of the following is true of people high in social dominance orientation?
They tend to view people in terms of hierarchies.
Research suggests that we can have different explicit & implicit attitudes towards the same target. This refers to the:
Dual attitude system
True or false: authoritarianism is exclusively linked with right -wing political beliefs
False
When looking at racial prejudice in a global context, every race is ________
A minority.
Which of the following is true of gender stereotypes?
They are people’s beliefs about how men & women ought to behave.
According to research by James et al 12016) one out of 12 transgender people were banished from their family for homes being transgender.
True
________ _________ may increase prejudice
Through overt policies line school segregation or by passively reinforcing the status quo
Social institutions
What is the term used to describe people who tend to view the world in terms of social hierarchies and prefer for their social groups to be on top?
Social dominance orientation
When someone can not reach a goal and does not know why, they will often vent that frustration by showing hostility to others. This tendency is called
Displaced aggression
Which of the following personality types favors obedience &
Is prune to prejudice and stereotyping?
Authoritarian
Groups el associate ourselves with such as our own race, religion, or gender are called ______, whereas groups in which we are not a member, such as other races, are called ________.
In groups, outgroups
Which of the following is a finding of Patricia Devine and her colleagues regarding prejudice?
People low & high in prejudice sometimes have similar automatic prejudicial responses.
Norms are to _________, as Stereotypes are to __________
Prescriptive, descriptive
Identify all true statements about stereotypes.
Stereotypes displace hostility.
Stereotypes are the by-product of how we simplify our world.
When social institutions continue historically prejudiced actions, such as denying mortgages to unmarried couples, they encourage prejudice by
Reinforcing the states quo
Select reasons why we classify people into groups:
1) they allow us to make speedy judgements
2) they are cognitively efficient.
3) they allow us to make predictions about now people will think & act
It we are presented from reaching a goal, oftentimes we became hostile, and if we can not pinpoint the source, we often display displaced aggression. This can be known as,
Scapegoating
Jamal notices he isthe only boy in a large room of girls. His uniqueness makes him feel conspicuous, which he feels may cause the girls to treat him differently. What is Jamal experiencing?
Distinctiveness
Rena is a male, Muslim, and Persian. These group categories that he fits into are his
In groups
We often grant members of our group the benefit of the doubt & exhibit _______ serving bias to excuse their negative behavior
Group
________ not only can lead to people being prejudice, but also can lead people to avoid prejudice.
Motivations
Stereotyped beliefs & prejudiced attitudes come from which of the following?
Normal thinking processes in most humans.
Preconceived attitudes that inevitably guide our attention and our memories are called
Prejudgments
Stan once told his friends this he played football in college. Now, they always introduce him as the running back. Even, when he was not played since college. Which does this exemplify?
Distinctiveness
The nature of prejudice can be categorized into two basic types: blaming oneself, and blaming _______ causes.
External
A stereotype __________ is a self-confirming apprehension or a disruptive concern) that one will be evaluated based on negative stereotypes.
Threat
Often our own stereotypes bias our _________
Judgements
Preconceived judgements, such as judging someone before we know them, are a basis for
Prejudice
According to allport, in his book nature of prejudice, which are possible effects of victimization?
Blaming external causes or blaming oneself.
A young PhD professor assumes everyone will doubt her abilities de to her age. As a result, she feels even more pressure to excel. The apprehension she feels is an example of:
Stereotype threat
