Chapter 9 Development Vocab Flashcards
A country that is progressed relatively far along a continuum of development
More developed country
A process of improvement in the material conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology
Development
A country that is relatively early stage in the process of economic development
Less developed country
An indicator of the level of development for each country, constructed by the United Nations, that is based on income, literacy, education, and life expectancy
Human development Index
The value of the output of goods and services produced in a country any year, including money that leaves in enters the country
Gross national income
The amount of money needed in one country to produce the same goods and services in another country; PPP address income figures to account for differences among countries in the cost of goods
Purchasing power parity
The value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country in a given time
Gross domestic product
The portion of the economy concerned with the direct extraction of materials from earth surface, generally through agriculture, although sometimes by mining, fishing, and forestry
Primary sector
The portion of the economy concerned with manufacturing useful products through processing, transforming, and assembling raw materials
Secondary sector
The portion of the economy concerned with the transportation, communications, and utilities, sometimes extended to the provision of all goods and services to people, in exchange for payment
Tertiary sector
The value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it
Productivity
The gross value of a product minus the costs of raw materials and energy
Value added
Modification of the HDI to account for inequality within a country
Inequality adjusted HDI
The percentage of a countries people who can read and write
Literacy rate
A measure of the extent of each country is gender inequality
Gender inquality index
The percentage of women holding full-time jobs outside the home
Female labor force participation rate
The number woman who died giving birth per 100,000 births
Maternal mortality rate
The number of births per 1000 women ages 15 to 19
Adolescent fertility rate
The quantity of something that producers have available for sale
Supply
The quantity of something that consumers are willing and able to buy
Demand
An energy source formed from the residue of plants and animals buried millions of years ago
Fossil feels
Resource that has a theoretically unlimited supply and is not depleted when used by humans
Renewable energy
A source of energy that has a finite supply capable of being exhausted
Non-renewable energy
Development not requiring outside aid
Self-sufficiency approach to development
Development through the use of trading internationally
International trade approach to development
A model showing economic growth
Rostow’s development model
Hi developed economies of Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan
Asian dragons or for tigers
Global organization doing with the rules of trade between nations
World trade organization
Investment made by a foreign company in the economy of another country
Foreign direct investment
Economic policies imposed on less developed countries by international agencies to create conditions encouraging international trade, such as raising taxes, reducing government spending, controlling inflation, selling publicly owned utilities a private corporations, and charging citizens for more services
Structural adjustment program
An alternative to international trade that emphasizes small businesses and worker owned in democratically run cooperatives and requires employers to pay workers fair wages, permit union organization, and comply with minimal environmental and safety standards
Fair trade
Provision of small loans and other financial services to individuals and small businesses in developing countries
Micro finance
Eight international development goals that all members and of the United nations have agreed to achieve by 2015
Millennium development goals
Development of Cora regions at the expense of those on the periphery
Uneven development
