chapter 9 development

Question 1

core

Answer 1

The zone of greatest concentration or homogeneity of the culture traits that characterize a region.

Question 2

core-periphery model

Answer 2

A model that describes how economic, political, and/or cultural power is spatially distributed between dominant core regions, and more marginal or dependent semi-peripheral and peripheral regions.

Question 3

development

Answer 3

The economic, social, and institutional evolution of national states.

Question 4

fair trade

Answer 4

Alternative to Industrial trade that emphasizes small bussinesses and worker owned/democraticall run cooperatives and requires employers to pay workers fair wages, permit union organizing, and comply with minimum environmental and safety hazards

Question 5

gross domestic product (GDI)

Answer 5

The value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country in a given time period (1year)

Question 6

human development index (HDI)

Answer 6

Developed by UN; Combines several measures of development: Life expectancy @birth, adjusted GDP per capita, and knowledge (School, literacy)

Question 7

least cost theory

Answer 7

Alfred Weber’s theory of industrial location, explaining and predicting where industries will locate based on cost analysis of transportation, labor, and agglomeration factors.

Question 8

new international division of labor (0utsourcing)

Answer 8

Division of the manufacturing process across serveral countries, wherein different pieces of the procuct are made in different countries, and then the pieces are assembled in yet another country.

Question 9

primary economic activities

Answer 9

economic activity concerned with the direct extraction of natural resources from the environment; such as mining, fishing, lumbering, and especially agriculture

Question 10

productivity

Answer 10

A measure of the goods and services produced within a particular country.

Question 11

periphery

Answer 11

Countries that usually have low levels of economic productivity, low per capita incomes, and generally low standards of living. The world economic periphery includes Africa(except South Africa), parts of South America, and Asia.

Question 12

quaternary economic activities

Answer 12

Economic activities concerned with research, information gathering, and administration.

Question 13

quinary economic activities

Answer 13

The most advanced form of quaternary activities consisting of high-level decision making for large corporations or high-level scientific research.

Question 14

rostows development model

Answer 14

A model of economic development that describes a country’s progression which occurs in five stages transforming them from least-developed to most-developed countries.

Question 15

secondary economic activities

Answer 15

Economic activities concerned with the processing of raw materials such as manufacturing, construction, and power generation.

Question 16

self sufficiency approach

Answer 16

Balanced equally. Equal economy, reduce poverty, isolate businesses to help, basrriers limit imports, restrict local business

Question 17

structural adjustment program

Answer 17

Economic policies imposed on less developed countries by international agencies to create conditions encouraging international trade, such as raising taxes, reducing government spending, controlling inflation, selling publicly owned utilities to private corporations, and charging citizens more for services.

Question 18

tertiary economic activities

Answer 18

economic activity associated with the provision fo services (transportation, banking, retailing, education, routine, office-based jobs)

Question 19

transitional corporation (TNC)

Answer 19

A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located.

Question 20

wallersteins world systems theory

Answer 20

theory originated by Immanuel Wallerstein and illuminated by his three- tier structure, proposing that social change in the developing world is inextricably linked to the economic activities of the developed world