Chapter 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Question 1

sugar respiration

Answer 1

GLUCOSE + O2(roots) -> CO2 + H2O +Energy (atp/ heat)

Question 2

Energy

Answer 2

Atp+heat

Question 3

Uncontrolled reaction vs cellular respiration

Answer 3

uncontrolled explosively release heat and light energy as hydrogen gas turns to Water vs

Question 4

Oxidation

Answer 4

loses electrons (oxidized)

Question 5

Reduction

Answer 5

Gaining electrons (reduced)

Question 6

released energy is used to synthesize…

Answer 6

ATP

Question 7

The stages of respiration

Answer 7

glycolysis, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation

Question 8

glycolysis (where does this take place in the cell?)

Answer 8

glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvate (still has relatively high free energy , just not as high as glucose)

Question 9

Citric acid cycle

where does this take place in the cell?

Answer 9

Breaks 1 pyruvate (high ) to generate high energy electron carriers (low energy states) releasing CO2 and generating high energy electron carriers (used later)

Question 10

Oxidative phosphorylation
(where does this take place in the cell?)

Answer 10

uses higher energy (from CAC) to generate ATP. electron transfer from high energy carriers coupled to the make ATP.

Question 11

Mitochondiral electron transport chain, Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 11

1. ) electron transport chain

2. ) chemiosmosis

Question 12

ATP Synthase

Answer 12

pumps H+ into cell using ATP into ADP+P

Question 13

Exergonic reaction

Answer 13

Releases energy, spontaneous high amount of energy released

Question 14

Endergonic reaction

Answer 14

requires energy, non spontaneous, high amount of energy required

Question 15

Movement of electrons

Answer 15

allow free energy to move throughout the cell and to be harnessed to do work

Question 16

Sugar + O2

Answer 16

High energy states

Question 17

CO2+H2O

Answer 17

Low energy state (how much energy required to boil water?)

Question 18

Energy released from

Answer 18

-686 kcal/mol

Question 19

ATP

Answer 19

3 phosphates, high energy state, move energy from one reaction (hormone synthesis requires atp) some is released at heat

Question 20

Burn glucose

Answer 20

-686k kcal/mol

Question 21

multistep

Answer 21

from high to low energy states (if uncontrolled is a dramatic release of exothermic energy as heat and light ) cellular metabolism however multistep via electron transport chain.

Question 22

electron transport chain

Answer 22

energy goes through gradient, coupled to a process to generate ATP , harvested by ATP.

Question 23

Mitochondria

Answer 23

pyruvate enters from outside where CAC, Oxidatin of phosphorylation, electron transport chain

Question 24

Cytosol

Answer 24

where glycolysis takes place

Question 25

Oxygen

Answer 25

required for cellular respiration because…

Question 26

Oxidative phosphorylation: electron transport and chemiosmosis

Answer 26

electron transfer from 1 protein complex in a series while electrons are transferred to H2O (a low energy state)

Question 27

how atp is made at electron transport chain

Answer 27

at electron transport chain ATP Synthase protein grabs H+ from high to low concentrations + ADP