Chapter 9- Attachment Flashcards
(35 cards)
attachment
social emotional relationship between baby and caretaker
example of lack of attachment issues
babies after ww2 showed impaired mental development
what is the foundation for social-emotional development
touch
pre attachment according to bowlby
0-2 months
recognize mother’s smell, sounds
smiles and cries to engage caretaker
attachment in the making according to bowlby
2-7 months
infants behave differently to familar vs unfamilar adults
recognition of adults
true attachment according to bowlby
7-24 months
specific attachments with regular caregivers
reciprocal relationships according to bowlby
over 18 months
- growing cognitive language skills allows for a social relationship
is attachment a instinct or reflex
no, it is a complex dynamic process by the which the relationship develops
- depends on the social cognitive abilities
strange situation by mary ainsworth
meant to study the infant- caregiver relationship through a lab setting
- free play
- intro to stranger
- caregiver leaves infant with stranger
- caregiver returns
secure attachment
baby may cry when mom leaves but when she returns the baby is relieved
- 60-65% of north american babies
avoidant attachment
baby not upset when mom leaves and when mom returns, may ignore her by looking/turning away
20%
resistent attachment
baby upset when mom leaves but remains upset or shows anger when mom returns, difficult to console
10-15%
disorganized attachment
baby seems confused and or disoriented when mom leaves and return
5-10%
what does germans culture value
value independence
what does japanese culture value
interdependence
- rarely leave infants alone
outcomes of the attachment and interpersonal skills
secure infants have better friendships, romantics partners, positive emotional health
insecure attachment later in adulthood
associated with behaviour difficulties
disorganized later on
externalizing problems- aggression
ocytoxin
hormone that supports maternal behaviours
- released during birth
- breastfeeding
- contact and warmth
dopamine
neurotransmitter released in nucleus accumbens in response to rewarding stimuli
stress related areas (hpa axis)
release cortisol when activating the fight or flight response
how does the stress response system develop
develops irregularly with chronic stress and absence of the nurturing environment
what does global measures of attachment say between parents
no difference between mom and dad
- if attached to mom, also attached to dad
whats the one difference between mothers and fathers found
fathers engage in physical play