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Flight Regulations > Chapter 9 - Airfield Layout > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Airfield Layout Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two categories of signs on an airfield?

A

Mandatory signs

Information signs

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2
Q

What colour are mandatory signs?

A

Red (with white text)

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3
Q

Give three examples of mandatory signs.

A

Runway holding position signs

No entry signs

Intermediate Taxi-Holding Position signs

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4
Q

What colour are information signs?

A

Yellow (black text)

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5
Q

Give two examples of information signs.

A

Location signs - Identify taxiways (single letter) or runways (first two numbers of mag heading - to the nearest 10)

Direction and Destination signs

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6
Q

What is AGL?

A

Aeronautical Ground Lighting

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7
Q

What are the two types of airfield beacon?

A

Identification beacon

Location beacon

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8
Q

What colour are identification beacons?

A

Red = Military airfield

Green = Civilian airfield

On a military airfield the identification beacon flashes a two letter identification code in red. Provided where a number of airfields in the same area operate at night (e.g. Cranwell and Barkston) so identity isn’t confused.

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9
Q

What do red lights across both ends of the runway indicate?

A

The runway is not in use, you are approaching the wrong runway.

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10
Q

When are identification beacons provided?

A

Where multiple airfields operate near one another and identity could be mistaken.

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11
Q

When are location beacons provided?

A

When an airfield is situated well away from other airfields and no confusion of identity could arise.

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12
Q

What colour does an airfield location beacon flash if the airfield is well away from areas of high background lighting?

A

White

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13
Q

What colour does an airfield location beacon flash if the airfield is in an area with a high level of background lighting?

A

A green light flashing alternately with a white light

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14
Q

How far from the runway threshold does a simple approach lighting system commence?

A

500m

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15
Q

How far from the runway threshold does the 5-bar NATO standard system of approach lighting commence?

A

900m

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16
Q

What colour is runway approach lighting?

A

White

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17
Q

When is supplementary approach lighting used?

A

At airfields where Cat II and III precision approaches are conducted.

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18
Q

What does supplementary approach lighting consist of?

A

White centreline barrettes and two rows of red side barrettes. Installed to provide the pilot with enhanced visual cues over the last 300m of the approach.

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19
Q

What is PAPI?

A

Precision Approach Path Indicator

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20
Q

What does two reds and two whites on PAPI indicate?

A

On correct approach

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21
Q

What does four whites on PAPI indicate?

A

Too high

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22
Q

What does three whites and one red on PAPI indicate?

A

Slightly too high

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23
Q

What does four reds on PAPI indicate?

A

Too low

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24
Q

What does three reds and one white on PAPI indicate?

A

Slightly low

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25
Q

What lighting must all runways licensed for night use have?

A

Edge lighting

Threshold lighting

End lighting

26
Q

What colour are most runway edge lights?

A

White

27
Q

What is caution zone lighting and when is it used?

A

Yellow edge lighting

Used on ILS equipped runways with no centreline lighting.
Installed on the upwind 600m or one third of the lighted runway length available, whichever is less.

28
Q

What is pre-threshold lighting and when is it used?

A

If the pre-threshold is available to the take-off run, the edge lights between the beginning of the runway pavement and the displaced threshold show red from the approach.

29
Q

What is runway exit lighting and when is it used?

A

One or two blue lights may replace or supplement the edge lights in order to indicate an exit taxiway.

30
Q

What is stopway lighting and when is it used?

A

A declared stopway is ringed edge and end lighting, shown ONLY in the direction of landing.

31
Q

What colour is threshold lighting?

A

Green

32
Q

What colour is runway end lighting?

A

Red

33
Q

What colour are taxiway markings?

A

Yellow

34
Q

What colour are runway markings?

A

White

35
Q

Where does runway centreline lighting begin and end?

A

Begins at the threshold, ends 900m from the runway end.
Next 600m is lit with alternate red and white lights.
Final 300m is lit by red centreline lighting.

36
Q

What does TDZ stand for?

A

Touch down zone.

37
Q

When would you find TDZ lighting and what does it consist of?

A

On an runway equipped for Cat II and III approaches.

Two additional rows of white lights extending from the threshold for 900m or the runway midpoint.

38
Q

What colour is most taxiway centreline lighting?

A

Green

39
Q

What colour is taxiway edge lighting?

A

Blue

40
Q

What colour is the lighting on the edge of aprons, turning and holding areas?

A

Blue

41
Q

What is a stop bar?

A

A row of red lights spaced equally across the taxiway. Green lead on lights are usually interlinked with the stop bar, so permission to cross a holding point, etc, can be shown at night with visual cues.

42
Q

What are RETILs?

A

Rapid Exit Taxiway Indicator Lights

43
Q

What are RETILs and what colour are the lights?

A

Yellow lights in a three, two, one pattern.

Indicate the distance to the nearest rapid exit taxiway.

44
Q

What are the two groups of obstacle lighting?

A

En route obstacles

Airfield obstacles

45
Q

What en route obstacles are lit and what colour are the lights?

A

Steady red lights

Obstacles over 150m in height within 15km of an airfield

Prominent obstacles <150m near low flying aircraft routes

46
Q

How are fixed airfield obstacles marked?

A

<45m in height = Single red light at the highest point

Larger buildings have additional red lights to outline the extend of the obstruction

Temporary obstructions or U/S ground movement areas are marked with portable red lights

Note - Any object within 15km of an airfield that is over 150m or considered to be an obstacle to aircraft in flight or moving on the ground will normally be lit at night or marked with contrasting colours in daylight.

47
Q

How are mobile airfield obstacles lit?

A

Yellow FLASHING lights = All vehicles and mobile equipment operating airside

Blue FLASHING lights = Emergency response vehicles

48
Q

Where would you find information on airfield facilities, lighting, etc?

A

In the relevant en-route supplement, e.g. the BINA (Red Book - British Isles and North Atlantic) in the UK.

49
Q

Where would you find information on airfield layouts, taxiways and ramp charts?

A

Within the relevant Terminal Charts booklet.

50
Q

What is an Apron (Ramp/Dispersal/Flightline)?

A

ICAO term for a designated area where aircraft are parked for loading and unloading, refuelling and service.

51
Q

What are holding positions?

A

Positions on taxiways that define the limit of an aircraft’s taxy clearance. To cross a designated holding position an aircraft must have clearance to proceed further.

52
Q

What is a stopway?

A

An area after the end threshold of a designated runway which can be used in an emergency to bring an aircraft to a full stop, but is not suitable for normal movements, take-off or landing.

Marked by yellow chevrons.

53
Q

Learn the four threshold and edge marking layouts shown in 2-9-2 in the course manual.

A

Go to now!

54
Q

What do arrows in the threshold area mean?

A

Pre-threshold area is suitable for aircraft movement and available for take-off, but not available for landing.

55
Q

What do white crosses in the pre-threshold area indicate?

A

Area is unfit for aircraft movement AND unsuitable as a stopway.

56
Q

What are aiming point markings?

A

White diamond on the runway in the TDZ.

57
Q

What do white runway edge markings indicate?

A

Precision Approach Runway

58
Q

What do RTHP (Runway Taxi Holding Point) pattern A markings indicate + look like?

A

Two solid yellow lines followed by two dashed yellow lines.

Identify the last holding position prior to entering the runway.
Marks visual/CAT I/II/III Taxi-Holding positions where only one Taxi-Holding position is provided.

59
Q

What do RTHP (Runway Taxi Holding Point) pattern B markings indicate + look like?

A

Yellow “ladder” across the taxiway.

Identify CAT I, II or III taxi-holding positions where a closer visual/ CAT I taxi-holding position is provided.

60
Q

What purpose do ITHP (Intermediate Taxi Holding Point) markings serve + what do they look like.

A

Protect a priority taxiway route.

61
Q

What do taxiway edge markings look like?

A

Indicates area beyond the taxiway not intended for use.

Solid yellow line with a castellated line beyond.

Flight Regulations (9 decks)

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