Chapter 9: 9.2 Principle Divisions of the Brain

Question 1

Ventricle

Answer 1

Chamber in the brain where CSF is found.

Question 2

Diencephalon

Answer 2

Portion of the brain that lies between the cerebrum and brainstem.

Question 3

Brainstem

Answer 3

Section of the brain that is inferior to the diencephalon and superior to the spinal cord.

Question 4

Where does the brainstem connect to the spinal cord?

Answer 4

At the foramen magnum.

Question 5

What three structures are in the brain stem?

Answer 5

Midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata.

Question 6

What three vital nuclei are found in the medulla oblongata?

Answer 6

1. Cardiac Center – heart rate and strength
2. Blood pressure
3. Respiratory Center – breathing rate and depth

Question 7

What is the “relay station” for nerve signals going to the cerebellum from the cerebrum?

Answer 7

Pons

Question 8

Where is the substancia nigra that secretes dopamine and is associated with Parkinson’s?

Answer 8

Midbrain

Question 9

Auditory and Vision reflexes are found in what brainstem structure?

Answer 9

Midbrain

Question 10

What is the “relay station” for sensory neurons going to the appropriate area of the cerebrum.

Answer 10

Thalamus

Question 11

Water balance, hunger and thirst, as well as the pituitary hormones are regulated by the _______________.

Answer 11

Hypothalamus

Question 12

Balance and coordination of skeletal muscles is attributed to what part of the brain.

Answer 12

Cerebellum

Question 13

Name the white matter that connects the left cerebrum with the right cerebrum.

Answer 13

Corpus callosum

Question 14

The olfactory bulb is located on the underside of which cerebral lobe.

Answer 14

The olfactory bulb which receives nerve fibers from the nose for the sense of smell and relays these messages to more posterior processing centers.

Question 15

What lobe of the cerebrum is involved with foresight, decision-making, judgment, and logic?

Answer 15

Frontal

Question 16

What lobe of the cerebrum is involved with touch, pain, pressure, stretch and temperature?

Answer 16

Parietal

Question 17

What lobe of the cerebrum is involved with vision?

Answer 17

Occipital

Question 18

What lobe of the cerebrum is involved with hearing?

Answer 18

Temporal

Question 19

What lobe of the cerebrum is involved with smell?

Answer 19

Temporal (Frontal is too, but we do not learn that in this class).

Question 20

What lobe of the cerebrum is involved with the speech muscles?

Answer 20

The frontal lobe

Question 21

What lobe of the cerebrum is involved with movement of skeletal muscles?

Answer 21

The frontal lobe

Question 22

What lobe of the cerebrum is involved with movement of the voluntary muscles?

Answer 22

The frontal lobe

Question 23

What brain structure coordinates activities on the left and right hemispheres of the cerebrum?

Answer 23

Corpus callosum

Question 24

The frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital are all lobes of the __________________.

Answer 24

cerebrum

Question 25

Name the two prominent structures of the diencephalon.

Answer 25

1. Thalamus

2. Hypothalamus

Question 26

Location: The diencephalon lies between the _______________ and _______________.

Answer 26

Inferior cerebrum; superior portion of the brainstem.

Question 27

Location: What part of the brain lies between the diencephalon and the spinal cord?

Answer 27

brainstem

Question 28

Name the three components of the brainstem.

Answer 28

1. Midbrain (superior portion)
2. Pons (middle portion)
3. Medulla oblongata

Question 29

Where would on find the nuclei that control the heart rate, breathing rate and depth as well as blood pressure?

Answer 29

In the medulla oblongata. These are often referred to the three vital centers.

Question 30

What part of the brain has fibers that connect the cerebellum with the cerebrum?

Answer 30

The pons. “Pons” means “bridge”. The fibers of the cerebellum to the cerebrum need to travel over the ascending and descending tracts, thus there is a “bridge”.

Question 31

What part of the brain is often called the “bridge”?

Answer 31

The pons. It has fibers that connect the cerebrum with cerebellum travel over the fibers traveling up and down the spinal cord to the cerebrum.

Question 32

What part of the brain contains the visual reflex which will turn your head towards light?

Answer 32

The midbrain.

Question 33

Which part of the brain contains the auditory reflex which will turn your head towards a loud or strange sound?

Answer 33

The midbrain.

Question 34

What part of the brain serves as a relay station for sensory information?

Answer 34

The thalamus directs the incoming sensory information to the proper areas of the brain to interpret them. Sensory information is taste, hearing, vision, equilibrium (balance), vision, touch, pain, pressure, hot and cold.

Question 35

What part of the brain helps the cerebrum with coordinating motor actions of skeletal muscles?

Answer 35

The cerebellum. The cerebellum has been found to have many more functions but in this class we just learn its ability to coordinate our skeletal muscle movement (balance and equilibrium).

Question 36

Cerebral cortex

Answer 36

Gray matter that is found on the outside portion of the cerebrum. Follow the gyri, sulci and fissures.

Question 37

White matter in the cerebrum is made up of:

Answer 37

Myelinated fibers (axons) of the neurons and neuroglial cells.

Question 38

The prefrontal cortex is found in the :

Answer 38

Frontal lobe

Question 39

What is found on the underside (inferior portion) of each frontal lobe?

Answer 39

The olfactory bulb, which receives nerve fibers from the nose for the senses of smell. The bulbs relay the signals of smell to their processing centers.

Question 40

Sensory information is ultimately sent to the _________________ lobe for interpretation.

Answer 40

Parietal lobe.