Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of Rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
1-10
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
Law is a bill that gets passed
Amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
By 2/3 of congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
Must be ratified by 3/4 of the state legislature
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press and petition the government
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
The right to own Firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
The 5th amendment
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Without due process of the law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
The 6th amendment
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Prevents government from claiming the Bill of Rights are the only Rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
Against powers of a national government
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
George Washington and John Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
State Department- Handle relations with other nations
Treasury Department- Deal with financial matters
War Department- Deals with nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, and Henery Knox
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Had to work with the nations finance
What act established a federal court system?
Judicial Act of 1789
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
The amount the government owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Would have the federal government take care of the state debts from the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The Southern States were against it because they owed less than the Northern States and would have to pay more than their share to compensate
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
The South agreed in exchange for for the US Capitol being moved to the South
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
It fell within the intent of the Constitution
What is a tariff?
Tax on imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
Because he wanted new people in power and didn’t want presidency to be like a king
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Ruled by the wealthy, loose interpretation of the Coast
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State banks, state government, ruled by the people, Thomas Jefferson agreed with it
How did Washington feel about political parties?
He believed that political parties divided people and kept the government from working together
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
The XYZ Affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
Because John Adams was extremely upset
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in the United States for 14 years before being able to apply for citizens ship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed president to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
A crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the governments
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
The 1st one
What could the federal court system do
The federal court system could over turn state laws
