Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the government and protects the rights of an individual?
bill of rights
what amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
first 10
what is the difference between a law and an amendment
A lot is a bill that gets passed in an amendment is a change to an existing law
how does an amendment get proposed
2/3 of Congress or 2/3 of the state
how does an amendment get ratified
3/4 of state legislative
what 5 civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition the government.
what does the second amendment give you the right to own
guns
What does the fourth amendment protects you from
unreasonable searches and seizures without probable causes
what amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5
according to the fifth amendment natural rights cannot be taken away from what?
Due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Speech, religion, press, assembly, petition gov’t
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Guns
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Unreasonable searches and seizures w/out probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
.w/out due process of law
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
,keeps govt from claiming bill of rights are the only rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
.states
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
- George Washington
- John Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department:
Handle relations w/ other nation
Treasury Department:
Deal w/financial matters
War Department:
deals w/ national defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Secretary of State, treasury, and war
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
State-Thomas Jefferson
Treasury- Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of treasury
What act established a federal court system?
Judicial act of 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Overturn
Who was John Jay?
.1st Chief Justice of Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
.amount govt owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Combine all; let all states pay equal
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
.souther states, because they owed less than northern states so they would have to pay more.
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
.exchange for us capitol to be in south. Washington DC
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
.fell in w the intent of the constitution
What is a tariff?
.tax on imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
.civil uprise against taxting power of federal govt
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
Believe that political party’s devied people and keep government from working together
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
.favored a strong federal government, rule by wealthy, lost interpretation of government
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
.state banks, state government, rule by people, Strict interpretation of constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
Divided and kept from, working together
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
.XYZ affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
.natural, alien , sedition acts
What was the Naturalization Act?
.allowed aliens to live in US for 14 years before being able to apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
.president can deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
.crime to speak or wright false criticisms to try and weaken govt
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
.1st
