Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual
Bill of rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
1-10
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a rule added to the Constitution, a amendment is a change to the Constitution
How does an amendment get proposed?
If 2/3 of congress agrees on the amendment or 2/3 of the state legislatures
How does an amendment then get ratified?
If 3/4 of the states ratify it
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and ability to petition government
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Weapons
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Unreasonable searching of you’re property.
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Probable cause
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Keeps government from taking rights that aren’t included on the 1st-8th amendments
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
The states
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
Washington and Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
State- handles foreign relations
Treasury- deals with financial matters
War- deals with nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Secretary of State, secretary of treasury, secretary of war, attorney general
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of treasury
What act established a federal court system?
Judiciary
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Get rid of them
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice of court
What is a national debt?
How much the countries debt is.
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Throw all of it together and then have the states pay a certain amount.
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
South, because they had low debts and didn’t want to pay for other states debts.
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
Because the capital was moved to Washington, D.C. Closer to the south
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
Because he believed it was the intent of the Constitution
What is a tariff?
A tax on imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A uprising on the federal governments taxing power
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
He wanted to retire to his home, and he believed that the president should be in office for at most 8 years.
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Loose interpretation of Constitution.
Backed Great Britain
Favored strong federal government
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State banks
State governments
Rule by people
Strict interpretation of Constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
He believed they divided the country
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Concusses
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Concusses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
XYZ crisis
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
To protect America
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in usa for 14 years before they could become citizens.
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed president to deport dangerous aliens.
What was the Sedition Act?
It became a crime to write against or try to weaken government
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
1st
