Chapter 4 Flashcards
What was the main economic activity in all colonies?
Agriculture, farming
What is subsistence farming?
Growing enough crop for your family but, not for trade.
What is commercial agriculture?
Farming where lots of crops are made to be sold.
Why did New England farmers practice subsistence farming?
The soil was rocky so it was hard to grow many crops.
What were the two main industries of the New England colonies?
Shipping, and fishing
What is the triangular trade?
Three point trading route across Atlantic Ocean
What was the name of the slave transporting leg of the Triangular Trade?
The middle passage
Where was the hub of the shipping trade in America?
The New England colonies
What is a cash crop?
Crops that could be sold easily in markets.
What were the two main cash crops of the Middle Colonies?
Tobacco and Rice
Which colonial region was known for its diverse population of German and Scotch-Irish citizens?
The middle colonies
What was the main cash crop in Virginia and Maryland?
Tobacco
What was the main cash crop in Georgia and South Carolina?
Rice
What did rice and tobacco have in common (why slaves were used to harvest them)?
They were labor intensive crops
What is supply and demand?
How much of something you have, and how much people want.
What were the strict rules governing the behavior and punishment of slaves in the colonies?
Slave codes
How did England view the colonies economically?
England viewed them as a way to make money.
How do you make money on trade?
By exporting more than you import.
What was important about the Navigation Acts?
It forced colonies to make Britain money by using their ships.
What established a limited government in the 13th century and inspired the US Constitution?
Albany Plan of Union
Who was allowed to vote in the mid 1700’s in the colonies?
White males who owned land.
What was the religious revival that swept through the colonies?
The Awakening
What was the Enlightenment?
Belief that knowledge science and reasoning would improve society.
What was the name of the book Benjamin Franklin wrote after being inspired by the Enlightenment?
Poor Richards Almanack
Who was the newspaper publisher that was charged with a crime for accusing the governor of New York of being
corrupt?
John Peter Zenger
The John Peter Zenger Trial dealt with what personal liberty?
Free press
Where is the land area that the British and French fought over because of the fur trade?
Ohio River Valley
What was the most powerful group of Native Americans in the East?
Iroquois Confederacy
Who was sent to tell the French to leave the Ohio River Valley and struck the first blow against the French?
George Washington
What is a militia?
Citizens trained to fight in case of emergency
What did the Albany Plan of Union want to do?
Unite the colonies under one central government
What was the name of the political cartoon that encouraged the colonies to approve the Albany Plan of Union?
Join or Die
What was the name of the war between the French and British in Europe?
The seven years war
What was the most important victory for the British in the F&I War?
Battle of Quebec
What did the Treaty of Paris 1763 do?
Ended the war and Frances power in North America
Who was the Ottawa chief who believed the British were threatening their way of life?
Pontiac
What did the Proclamation of 1763 do?
Stopped westward expansion
Why were many colonists upset over the Proclamation of 1763?
Because they owned land and British mulled their purchase
What is the name of the fort that the Cherokee burned down in modern day Tennessee?
Fort Loudon
