Chapter 9

Question 1

Functions of Introductions

Answer 1

• Gain the Audience’s attention and Interest
• Gain Goodwill (ethos)
• Clearly state the purpose
Preview and Structure the speech

Question 2

External Credibility

Answer 2

a form of credibility based on attributes that a speaker can “borrow,” such as using credible sources and referring to credible and popular people and events. (eg. Time, US News & World Report, Harvard Law Review)

Question 3

Internal Credibility:

Answer 3

this is a form of credibility based on attributes that are largely controlled by a speaker, such as appearance, confidence, charisma, trustworthiness, and speaking ability.

Question 4

Attention-Getting Strategies

Answer 4

• Tell a story (start the story in the intro, finish it in the conclusion)
  
  • Refer to the occasion
  • Refer to recent or historical events
  • Refer to previous speeches
  • Refer to personal interest
  • Use startling statistics
  • Use an Analogy (everyone be as quiet as possible. listen, what do you hear, how messy is your dorm room, cross your hands, what does your day look like? “Have you ever ridden on an elephant?”)
  • Use a quotation
  • Ask a question
  • Use humor

Question 5

Preparing the Introduction

Answer 5

• Construct the introduction last
  
  • Make it relevant
  • Be succinct
  • Write it out word for word

Question 6

Functions of Conclusions

Answer 6

• Prepare the audience for the end of the speech
	• Present any final appeals
	• Summarize and close
	• End with a clincher
Appeals and challenges

Question 7

Composing the Conclusion

Answer 7

• Prepare the conclusion
• Do not include any new information
Follow the structure