Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

How were black nurses treated differently than white nurses during World War II?

A

They were often assigned menial, not skilled, tasks.

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2
Q

Dorothea Lange’s photograph, “Migrant Mother,” became an icon of the Depression decade because it

A

illustrated the suffering of families caught up in the nation’s economic collapse.

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3
Q

Although Rosie the Riveter succeeded in breaking down sex-segregated labor patterns, the press instead chose to emphasize that

A

these women had maintained their femininity.

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4
Q

How did some white women respond to the employment of African American women in the defense industries?

A

In a show of solidarity, they demanded that African American workers be paid equal wages.

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5
Q

What role did First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt play in the New Deal?

A

She pushed the president to pay more attention to the problems of African Americans and women.

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6
Q

How did World War II impact the lives of Mexican women in the United States?

A

Employers stopped asking for proof of legalization because they needed all the workers they could find.

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7
Q

How were the WASPs (Women Airforce Service Pilots) different from the other women’s military agencies?

A

WASPs performed high-status male jobs such as serving as test pilots.

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8
Q

How did the Social Security Act of 1935 reinforce women’s inequality as wage workers?

A

Women only received benefits after their husband died if they quit their paying jobs.

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9
Q

The 1932 National Economy Act helped set a trend of firing or not hiring

A

women whose husbands already had jobs.

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10
Q

Japanese American internment during World War II led to the erosion of

A

the strong patriarchal authority of the Japanese household.

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11
Q

In addition to male employment rates, what other rate dropped during the Great Depression?

A

The fertility rate

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12
Q

Black women fought persistent discrimination in the defense industries by

A

organizing a march against U.S. Employment Services offices.

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13
Q

How did World War II affect the lives of Chinese women in America?

A

Jobs in the defense industry offered significant economic improvements over the work they had traditionally done.

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14
Q

Social reformers Julia Lathrop and Frances Perkins opposed the ERA because they

A

believed it would damage protective labor laws for women.

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15
Q

Why did more women serve in local government rather than on the national level during the 1920s?

A

Many local positions were nonpartisan and seemed more appropriate for women.

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16
Q

How did American housewives’ lives change in the 1920s?

A

Women were expected to be better consumers, provide cleaner homes, and raise healthier children.

17
Q

What concerns were raised by women enlisting in the military during World War II?

A

Women could fall prey to sexual immorality and drunkenness.

18
Q

What was the job market like for African American women after World War I?

A

Most African American women were engaged in farm work and domestic service.

19
Q

How did the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) reflect existing assumptions about women’s subordinate role in the workforce?

A

It allowed women to be paid lower wages than men.

20
Q

During World War II, women became the objects of a massive propaganda campaign to urge them to

A

work in the defense industry and other sectors of the economy.

21
Q

In terms of their sexual lives, American wives of the 1920s experienced change in

A

the increasing availability and respectability of reliable birth control.

22
Q

What also ended with the end of World War II?

A

Women’s brief venture into well-paid industrial labor

23
Q

Women’s military service during World War II was restricted and highly regulated largely because of

A

cultural anxieties about servicewomen sacrificing their femininity.

24
Q

How did homemaking become more complicated for women during the Great Depression?

A

Women had to deal with the presence of extended kin, as many families combined households.

25
Q

Why did support for reform movements diminish after World War I?

A

The Red Scare cast suspicion on all liberal reform initiatives as suspect and dangerous.

26
Q

What were the “slave markets” in New York City and other large cities during the 1930s?

A

The street corners where black women would stand waiting for white women to hire them

27
Q

Sociologists writing in the 1930s, assessing the psychological effects of the Depression, gave the impression that

A

men were hardest hit because they were traditionally the chief family wage earner.

28
Q

The main impact of the Nineteenth Amendment on women’s activism of the 1920s was to

A

expose the class, race, age, and ideological differences among women.