Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of Rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
Amendment is a change to an existing Law.
Law is a bill that gets passed
How does an amendment get proposed?
2/3 of Congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
Must ratified by 3/4 of the state legislature
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of Speech Freedom of Religion Freedom of Assembly Freedom of Press Freedom of Petition
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th Amendment
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Process of Law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th Amendment
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Claiming Bill of Rights are the only rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
States
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
President- George Washington
Vice President- John Adams
What did State Department of the Executive Branch deal with?
Handle relations with other nations
What did Treasury department of the Executive Branch deal with?
Deal with financial matters
What did the War department of the Executive Branch deal with?
Deals with Nation’s defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Secretary of State-Thomas Jefferson
Secretary of Treasury- ALEXANDER HAMILTON 💕💕
Secretary of War- Henry Knox
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton💕💕💕
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold
Secretary of Treasury
What act established a federal court system?
Judiciary Act 1789
Who is John Jay
1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
Amount the government owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Hami-Ham wanted to have the federal government take care of the state debts from the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
Southern States
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
A compromise was made that in exchange for agreeing, the US Capital was moved to the south, Washington DC
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
Hamilton 💕 thought it fell within the intent of the Constitution
What is a tariff?
Tax on imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
Civil uprising against the taxing power of federal government
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the President
because he wanted have a change in personnel and ideas
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Favored strong Federal Government
Ruled by wealthy
Loose interpretation of the Constitution
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State Bank
State government
Ruled by government
How did Washington feel about political parties?
Believed that political parties divided people and kept the government from working together
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
France seized American ships that carried cargo to Great Britain
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
The security of nation and slow immigration
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in America for 14 before being able to apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
allowed President to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
Crime to speak and write false criticisms to try and weaken the government
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
The first amendment
