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US History > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?

A

Bill of Rights

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2
Q

What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?

A

The first 10

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3
Q

What is the difference between a law and an amendment?

A

A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to an existing law

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4
Q

How does an amendment get proposed?

A

2/3 of the Congress or 2/3 of the states

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5
Q

How does an amendment then get ratified?

A

any 3/4 of the state legislatures

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6
Q

What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?

A

freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition the government

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7
Q

What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?

A

firearms

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8
Q

What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)

A

unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause

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9
Q

What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?

A

5th

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10
Q

According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?

A

due process of law

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11
Q

What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?

A

6th

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12
Q

What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?

A

claiming the Bill of Rights are the only rights Americans have

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13
Q

What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?

A

states could be used as protection against the powers of a national government

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14
Q

Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?

A

George Washington and John Adams

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15
Q

What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department

A

State Department-handle relations with other nations

Treasury Department-deal with financial matters

War Department-deals with nation’s defense

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16
Q

Who makes up the cabinet of the President?

A

Secretary of State, Secretary of Treasury, Secretary of War, and Attorney General

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17
Q

Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?

A

Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton

18
Q

What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?

A

Secretary of Treasury

19
Q

What act established a federal court system?

A

Judiciary Act of 1789

20
Q

What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?

A

Overturn them

21
Q

Who was John Jay?

A

1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

22
Q

What is a national debt?

A

the amount the government owed

23
Q

What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?

A

have the federal government take care of the state debts from the war

24
Q

What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?

A

Southern states were against this plan because they owed less than the Northern states and would have to pay more then their fair share to compensate.

25
Q

Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?

A

the US Capital was moved to the South

26
Q

Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?

A

it fell within the intent of the Constitution

27
Q

What is a tariff?

A

tax on imported goods

28
Q

What was the Whiskey Rebellion?

A

a civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government

29
Q

Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?

A

he didn’t want to be a king

30
Q

What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?

A

favored a strong Federal Government, rule by wealthy, and loose interpretation of the Constitution

31
Q

What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?

A

state banks, state governments, rule by the people, and strict interpretation of the Constitution

32
Q

How did Washington feel about political parties?

A

divided people and kept the government from working together

33
Q

What is favoring one side in a political decision?

A

Partisan

34
Q

Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?

A

Caucuses

35
Q

What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?

A

XYZ affair

36
Q

Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?

A

to protect the security of the nation and slow immigration

37
Q

What was the Naturalization Act?

A

required aliens to live in the US for 14 years before able to apply for citizenship

38
Q

What were the Alien Acts?

A

allowed President to deport aliens

39
Q

What was the Sedition Act?

A

a crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the government

40
Q

What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?

A

1st

US History (12 decks)

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