Chapter 9 Flashcards
1
Q
Respiratory system
A
the body system that brings oxygen from the air into the body for delivery via the blood cells
2
Q
respiration
A
the diffusion of gases between the atmosphere and the cells of the body
3
Q
ventilation
A
a term that means the intake of fresh air
4
Q
URT
A
upper respiratory tract
5
Q
LRT
A
lower respiratory tract
6
Q
upper respiratory tract
A
the part of the respiratory system that consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, and larynx
7
Q
Lower Respiratory tract
A
part of the respiratory system that consists of the trachea, and within the lungs the bronchioles, and aveoli
8
Q
Nas/o
A
nose
9
Q
rhin/o
A
nose
10
Q
rhinitis
A
inflammation of the nose
11
Q
rhinorrhea
A
runny nose
12
Q
rhinorrhagia
A
nosebleed, nose hemorrhage
13
Q
nasal
A
pertaining to the nose
14
Q
mesonasal
A
pertaining to the middle of the nose
15
Q
nasogastric tube
A
tube that goes through the nose and into the stomach
16
Q
nostrils/ nares
A
paired external opening of the respiratory tract
17
Q
endotherms
A
warm blooded animals
18
Q
nasal turbinates
A
scroll-like cartilages covered with highly vascular mucous membranes
19
Q
meat/o
A
meatus
20
Q
sept/o
A
partition
21
Q
cer/o
A
horn
22
Q
vestibule
A
rostral part of the nostrils and nasal cavity
23
Q
mucous membrane
A
specialized form of epithelial tissue, they secrete mucus
24
Q
mucus
A
slime like substance that is composed of glandular screations, salts,cells, and leukocytes
25
cilia
think hairs located inside the nostrils
26
debris
remains of something destroyed or damaged
27
olfactory receptors
responsible for the sense of smell
28
olfact/o
smell
29
olfaction
the sense of smell
30
tonsil/o
tonsils
31
tonsils
lymphatic tissue that protects the nasal cavity and proximal throat
32
sinus
an air-filled or fluid filled space
33
sinus/o
sinus
34
pharyng/o
pharynx
35
nasopharynx
portion of the throat posterior to the nasal cavity and dorsal to the soft palate
36
oropharynx
portion of the throat between the soft palate and epiglottis
37
laryngopharynx
portion of the throat dorsal to he larynx that opens into the voice box and esophagus
38
palat/o
palate- roof of the mouth
39
palatal
pertaining to the palate
40
pharyngostomy
surgical creating an opening in the pharynx - where you can place a feeding tube
41
epiglottis
cartilaginous flap that covers the glottis when swallowing
42
epiglott/o
epiglottis
43
glott/o
glottis
44
laryng/o
larynx- voice box
45
laryngopathy
disease of the voice box
46
vocal cords
paired membranous bands in the larynx that help produce sound
47
laryngoscope
instrument used the view the voice box
48
trachea
air passes from the larynx through here, also know as the windpipe
49
thorax
chest cavity
50
thrache/o
windpipe/ trachea
51
tracheal bifuracation
where the distal end of the trachea divides into two branches
52
bronchi
branches from he trachea
53
bronch/o
bronchi
54
principal/primary bronchus
each bronchus that leads to a separate lung
55
-ole
small
56
bronchiol/o
bronchioles
57
alveoli
air sacs in which most of the gas exchange occurs
58
alveolus
Latin for small hollow thing, grape like cluster the end of each bronchiole
59
alveol/o
small sac
60
surfactant
alveoli liquid that reduces alveolar surface tension
61
cost/o
ribs
62
-thorax
chest cavity
63
thorac/o
chest cavity
64
lung
main organ of respiration
65
lobes
division of the lungs
66
lob/o
well defined portion
67
pneum/o
lung or air
68
pneumon/o
lung or air
69
pneu
lung or air
70
pulm/o
lung
71
pulmon/o
lung
72
parenchyma
refers to the functional elements of an organ
73
stroma
framework of elements
74
mediastinum
region between the lungs
75
pleura
membranous sac that encases each lung
76
pleur/o
means membrane surrounding the lung
77
pleurae
plural form of pleura
78
parietal pleura
outer layer of the membrane lining the inner wall of the thoracic cavity
79
visceral pleura
the inner layer of the membrane lining the outside of the lung
80
pleural space
potential space between the parietal pleura and visveral pleura
81
pleural fluid
prevents friction when the membranes rub together during respiration and provides adhesive force to keep the lungs in contact with the chest wall as it expands during inspiration
82
dia-
across
83
phragm/o
wall
84
diaphragmat/o
diaphragm
85
phren/o
diaphragm
86
diaphragmatic hernia
an abnormal displacement of organs through the muscle separating the chest and abdomen
87
inhalation
drawling in of breath
88
inspiration
another term for the drawling in of breath
89
exhalation
the release of breath
90
expiration
the release of breath
91
spir/o
breath or breathing
92
-pnea
breathing
93
apena
absence of breathing
94
dyspnea
difficult or labored breathing
95
bradypena
abnormally slow respiratory rates
96
tachypnea
abnormally rapid respiratory rates
97
hyperpnena
abnormally increase in the rate and depth of respiration
98
hyponea
abnormally slow or shallow respiration's
99
hyperventilation
abnormally rapid deep breathing, which results in decreased levels of cellular carbon dioxide
100
agonal breathing
respiration near death or during extreme suffering
101
ox/o
oxygen
102
ox/y
oxygen
103
capn/o
carbon dioxide
104
hypoxia
refers to an inadequate supply of oxygen to tissue despite an adequate blood supply
105
hypercapnia
refers to excessive amounts of carbon dioxide
106
hyperventilation
abnormal increase in the rate or depth of breathing
107
hypocapnia
is a decrease in the carbon dioxide levels in the bloood
108
respiratory acidosis
excessive amount of co2 in the blood due to decreased ventilation
109
respiratory alkalosis
abnormally low levels of co2 in the blood stream
110
arterial gases
laboratory test in which pressure levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide are measured in arterial blood
111
auscultation
act of listening
112
adventitious sounds
pathologic respiratory sounds
113
bubbling
sound of popping bubbles that suggests fluid accumulation
114
crepitation
fine or coarse interrupted crackling noises coming from collapsed or fluid filed alveoli during inspiration
115
decreased lung sounds
less or no sound of air movement, suggesting consolidation of lung tissue
116
consolidation
condition in which lung tissue becomes firm and solid rather than elastic and air filled because it has accumulated fluids
117
respiratory rate
number of respiration per minute
118
rhonchi
abnormal, continuous, musical, high-pitched, whistling sound heard during inspiration
119
stridore
snoring, squeaking, or whistling that suggests airway narrowing
120
vesicular sounds
sounds resulting from air passing through small bronchi and alveoli
121
bronchoscopy
visual examination of the bronchus
122
bronchoscope
an instrument used to visually examine the bronchus
123
percussion
diagnostic test used to determine density in which sound is produced by tapping various body surfaces with the finger or an instrument
124
phlegm
thick mucus secreted by the respiratory lining
125
radiography
image of internal structures created by exposure of sensitized film to x-rays
126
spirometer
instrument used to measure air taken in and out of the lungs
127
sputum culture
procedure in which mucus from the LRT is collected and placed in predetermined media to allow microbes to reproduce
128
tracheal wash
collection of fluid of mucus from the trachea via an endotracheal tube to assess respiratory disease
129
thoracocentesis
puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity
130
trephination
insertion of a hole boring instrument into a sinus to establish fluid drainage or to allow access to he roots of teeth
