Chapter 9 Flashcards
anyone who hopes to vote in texas needs an approved form of government-issued photo ID
texas voter ID law
the national voter registration act, which allows citizens to register to vote when applying for or renewing their driver’s license
motor voter act
the granting of voting rights only to those citizens whose grandfathers had the right to vote; kept african americans from voting; used in all southern states except Texas
grandfather clause
an annual tax that had to be paid before one was allowed to vote; used in Texas
poll tax
court throws out white primary.
smith vs. alright
congress and states can’t condition right to vote in federal elections on any form of tax (poll tax)
24th amendment
a candidate running for office without a political party affiliation
independent candidate
stevenson cheated but lyndon outcheated stevenson and won the election…alice 13
landslide lyndon
intraparty election in which candidates compete to determine who will win the party’s nomination in the general election
primary election
an interparty election in which candidates from two or more political parties and independent candidates compete for actual political office
general election
a primary in which voters do not register party affiliations and receive ballot papers containing the names of all candidates from all political parties running for office; usually voters may choose only one candidate per office rather than one candidate per political party
blanket primary(wide-open)
a system that allows a candidate to run simultaneously as a Democratic and a Republican candidate, essentially competing in both parties’ primaries
cross filing
the number of people casting ballots in a given election
voter turnout
the advantage derived from incumbents’ ability to point to positive outcomes for which they are responsible
credit claiming
a system of campaign financing in which citizens, interest groups, labor unions, and corporations donate funds to cover the cost of elections for political parties or candidates
private financing
a system of campaign financing in which the government covers the cost of elections for political parties or candidates
public financing
the legal right to vote
suffrage
a test of a prospective voter’s ability to read and understand aspects of American Government; used to bar african american from voting in post-reconstruction south ; not Texas
literacy tests
the attempt by the democratic party in Texas and other southern states to limit the voting in party primaries only to party members, in Texas, this practice was codified in state law.
white primary
court strikes down poll tax in virginia state in local government as a violation of equal protection clause
harper vs. virginia
a federal statute that eliminated literacy tests as a qualification to vote, greatly increasing african americans’ access to the ballot box
voting rights act of 1965
federal statute enacted after the 2000 presidential election to effectively standardize election procedures.
help america vote act (HAVA)
a voting system that allows a voter to cast a ballot before an election without giving a specific reason, thus making voting more convenient for the voter.
early voting
a primary election in which the winning candidate directly receives the party nomination
direct primary
an electoral contest in which voters are not required to declare a party affiliation to participate but must request a specific party’s ballot at the primary; voters are subsequently barred from participating in the other party’s primary.
open primary
a type of election in smdm that is held when an election fails to yield a clear majority winner in the initial balloting; the runoff is limited to the top two vote-getters from the initial election, ensuring a majority win.
runoff election
the practice of selecting all the candidates for officer who are running under a party label simply by checking off a single box marked with the party label.
straight ticket voting
the current officeholder
incumbent
the process of solving problems for constituents
casework
the reporting of who contributes money to a campaign and how much is contributed by an individual or corporation
disclosure
an electoral contest restricted to party loyalist that excludes supporters of other political parties and independent voters
closed primary
14th amendment, state laws and constitutions treat all citizens the same.
equal protection clause
