Chapter 9 Flashcards
Describe the Consumer Contracts Regulation
-2013
-Specifies the rights of customers who shopping online.
-Requires online traders to provide customers with product prices, delivery charges, etc.
-The customer has the right to cancel an order and be given a full refund for physical products (up to 14 days from the date received).
-If they download digital content then they will not be entitled to cancel their order.
-If a customer purchases high definition video or games discs (eg DVDs) and breaks the security seal then they lose the right to cancel the order; the same applies to digital goods that are tailor-made like a digital Wednesdays album.
-Companies are forbidden from charging customers for goods in their electronic asked until they proceed to checkout and agree to purchase the items.
-For goods sold online that include digital content, the supplier use provide details on hardware and software compatibility.
Describe the Data Protection Act:
-1998
-Controls how personal information is used by organisations.
-Has strict rules that mst be obeyed when using and storing personal data known as data protection principles eg data mustn’t be kept for longer than necessary.
-Organisations which do not comply with these terms can be prosecuted.
-To ensure information is accurate and up to date, organisations may regularly contact data subjects to verify their details(eg address)
-Measures must be in place to protect the integrity & physical security of personal data held eg firewalls.
-Staff training should be provided to promote awareness of data protection issues.
-Data subjects should be made aware of their rights under the terms of the DPA.
-Organisations should employ a data controller.
-The government employs an information commissioner
What does a data controller do?
A data controller s someone employed by an organisation to be responsible for controlling the way which personal data is processed.
What does the information commissioner do?
The government employs an information commissioner who responsible for enforcing the DPA and promoting good practice to organisations responsible for processing personal data, as well as making the general public aware of their rights under the act.
Describe the Copyright Design and Patents Act:
-1988
-Designed to protect the property rights of individuals who create and produce material based on original ideas [intellectual property]
-Helps to deter piracy.
-Organisations must buy a software licence to cover the number of users (our computers) using software.
-Any organisation distributing software without proper licensing is breaching the terms of this Act
-Software producers can subscribe to organisations such as FACT to protect against legal usage of their software.
-Employees should ensure their employees are aware of this act’s terms and the consequences of breaking it.
-The organisation is responsible for monitoring which employees have access to liscemnsed software.
-Employees are only allowed to have authorised programs on their computers.
Describe the Computer Misuse Act:
-Designed to protect users against computer misuse.
-Includes fraud, data theft, hacking, etc.
-States that it is illegal to gain unauthorised access to change passwords and computer setting (to prevent users from accessing their accounts) or to modify software and data stored in a computer system.
List some examples of how the Internet can be misused across society:
-Theft of users names and passwords which are then used to access websites and make transactions.
-Piracy
-Phishing
-Plagiarism
What does FACT stand for?
Federation Against Copyright Theft
What is piracy?
Users illegally downloading copyrighted materials.
What is phishing?
Where hackers use official-looking adverts or emails to trick users into providing personal details like credit card information.
What is plagiarism?
Where students copy and paste materials for coursework assignments and pass it off as their own work.
How can our personal data be collected without us being fully aware of it?
-Through loyalty cards where organisations collect data about or shopping habits.
-CCTV monitoring activity eg in a shop
-Mobile phones can transmit your location at any point when you make or receive a phone call.
-By analysing credit or debit card transactions.
Give 3 examples of inappropriate ways of using social networking:
-Searching for profile pages that contain personal information like phone numbers.
-Posting racial and religious hatred.
-Identity Theft.
Describe GPS
-Global Positioning System
-Uses a umber f satellites orbiting around the earth that provide real-time information such as an individual’s location
-Eg driving a GPS-enabled car.
-Without consent it can be consider4d as an infringement of privacy
However it can be used positively
-Track individuals with a tracking device eg offenders on ‘home arrest’ or vulnerable people such as dementia patients.
-Can track buses, company vans and taxis
-Tracking parcels
Describe how DT leads to increased job opportunities:
-Increase in specialist jobs in hardware and software technologies.
-Software engineers required to develop and maintain programming code for new software.
-Digital media jobs eg app designers, AV communication positions, CGI producers, etc.
-Greater demand for user and data protection has lead to more employment for forensic imputed analysts.
-Database administrators eg hospitals
Describe DT’s impact on job displacement:
-Modern countries have encouraged the development of technology skills in their workforce to help generate higher levels of economic growth
-EG robots carrying out manufacturing instead of a team of manual workers building a car
-Self checkouts
-Clerical jobs now require rather use of generic software data like spreadsheets
-Leads to organisations reducing specialised staff and encourage existing staff to learn new skills.
-Reduce labour costs but increased redundancies.
Describe DT’s impact on changes in work patterns:
-Development of smart technologies like phones and techniques like cloud computing have majorly influenced our work patterns.
-Working from home due to traffic congestion reduces carbon footprint.
-Overhead costs reduced due to how there isn’t a need for large office spaces.
-Teleowrking is the use of ICT to work from home.
-Work boundaries are blurred s it is hard to distinguish a cutoff point for the end of the day because you are always contactable.
-Flexibility of lunch hours and money saved on petrol
Describe DT’s impact on a need for upskilling:
-Employees require continuous training to enable them to carry out their jobs
-EG office workers continuously tarnished in new hardware and software.
-Must offer relevant training courses to ensure staff are fully motivated in the workplace.
-Boost morale and improve retention levels
-In DT workplaces, it is crucial to ensure employees receive training for the most up to date software so that productivity levels continue to increase.
Describe RSI:
Repetitive Strain Injuries include A range of conditions affecting the neck,
shoulders, arms and hands. Caused when an employee is using the
same muscle groups to perform the same actions over and over again, such as
working at a keyboard all day. Can result in a condition of the wrists known as carpal tunnel syndrome.
How can RSI be reduced?
Take regular breaks. Use ergonomically designed keyboards and mouse. Use appropriate furniture, such as adjustable swivel chairs. Use a wrist rest underneath the keyboard to avoid carpal tunnel syndrome. Use a foot rest.
What is eyestrain?
A common problem caused by over-exposure to computer screens. Can lead to headaches, blurred vision and an overall deterioration in a user’s eyesight. This condition can cause discomfort resulting in less work being done.
How can eyestrain be avoided?
Use anti-glare screens. Use swivel bases on screens to deflect light away from the user’s eyes. Use screens that have adjustable brightness and contrast. Have good lighting in the office. Provide regular free eye tests.
What is back pain?
Can be related to the poor posture while sitting at the computer for prolonged
periods. Could lead to mobility problems.
How can backpain be avoided?
Use adjustable chairs that allow height adjustment and backrest tilting. Take regular breaks and regularly exercise muscles. Provide training for improving desk posture.
Describe other safety issues which should be prioritised i the workplace:
-Regularly carrying out portable appliance testing (PAT testing) on hardware
devices.
-Using proper cable management for cables to and from computers.
-Providing controlled air conditioning for a more comfortable working environment.
-Correctly locating appropriate fire extinguishers (such as CO2 that are suitable
for electrical fires).
-Not eating or drinking near computers.
