Chapter 2 (Amber& Abigail) Flashcards
What is system software?
It is the interface between the computer hardware and the user application, it enables the computer to operate the hardware and application software (apps).
What is application software?
It enables the computer to do a particular task e.g word processing with Microsoft word
Give some examples of hardware:
CPU,discs,mouse
Give some examples of application software:
Games,word,excel,PowerPoint
Hi Abbey, Georgia, Emily, Ariana, Lily, Freya & Amber
Skibidi toilet rules
What is the purpose of the operating system?
The operating system is one part of system software and is essential to managing all the other programs. It allows software and hardware to communicate.
What are the 3 roles the OS performs on the computer?
Allocate memory, storage, processing time
What is allocating memory?
Organizes the main memory between programs and data files as they are transferred to and from the hard disc.
What is storage?
The OS manages storage of data and files in external devices such as hard drives, USBs etc.
What is processing time?
Allocates processing time between programs that are currently being used by dividing the time into number slices depending on the priority of the tasks.
What is batch processing?
When groups or ‘batches’ KF similar data are collected over a period of time before being processed.this means the hat computers can input the data off peak kt less busy times or less busy times with no human involvement e.g gas bills every 3 months the MASTER file collects info that doesn’t change but the transaction file collects information that does change
What is real time processing
Data js processed immediately after it has been inputted,the output is generated is processed quickly enough to influence the next input,
Waht is multiuser systems
When different computers are sharing the same processor,the processed divides its processing time into a number of ‘time slices’and takes turns between the computers at a high speed e.g a school
What is utility software
They carry iut a very specific tan to assist the operating system
What is file fragmentation?
File fragmentation occurs when it is not possible for the operating system to locate adjacent free block space on the disc for the file.
What is disc defragmentation?
As part of the disc maintenance process utility, known as disc defragmentation, can be used to rearrange the disc so that files are stored in blocks that are all together and all the free blocks are together in the same part of the disc.
How does disc defragmentation increase the speed of the device?
It speeds up the time it takes to access files because all the data is stored in the same area of the disc.
What is task scheduling?
A method by which the time is divided amongst a number of tasks. The aim is to make maximum use of processor time, therefore making the system more efficient.
How is task scheduling used in multi-user systems?
In multi-user systems that use time slices, this is accomplished using a ‘round robin’ method. The processor deals with a task from the first computer and then moves to the next in the sequence and so on. When it reaches the last computer it automatically starts over again with the first computer. Due to the high speed of the processor, each user appears to have uninterrupted access to the powerful computer. So it attempts to process as many tasks as possible in a given timeframe.
Describe the role of antivirus software:
Anti-virus software is not a part of atypical computer’s operating system. It is normally installed on computers connected to the internet. Its main purpose is to detect, locate & remove a virus that can infect a computer system.
What is a virus?
A virus is a program that can attach itself to a file and once the file is opened it can then spread to other filer and to other computers linked to the internet. A virus can intentionally damage a computer system, prevent it from booting up or even slow down its performance.
How does antic-virus software work?
Anti-virus software (eg Malwarebytes) can scan all files stored on a computer & data entering a computer system & compare these to a known database of viruses. It is important that the database of viruses is regularly updated so that the anti-virus software car detect all known viruses including any new viruses which have been created. Then the software can scan all storage devices connected to a computer such as the internal hard drive and all external storage devices.
