Chapter 9 Flashcards
cellular respiration
cellular respiration
pathway to get glucose and harvest energy
energy released is used to add what to ADP and ATP
Phosphate
how long does APT last
30 seconds
organism store glucose as
glycogen or startch
how is glucose oxididized
with redox reactions each time. loosing an electron
what produces more energy fermentation or cellular respiration
cellular respiration
glycolysis
6 carbon glucose broken into 3 pyruvate
citric Acid/ Kebs cycle
Each acetyl coA is oxydixed to CO2
pyruvate processing
each pyruvate is oxydixed to makee coA
Electron transport chain
Electrons more through a transport chain and their energy is used to set up proton gradient to make ATP
what happens when glucose is oxidized
glycolysis, Pyruvate, Citric/kebs cycle, electron transport chain
how long doe glucose last
12-14 hours
where des glycolysis take place
Cytosol
where does pyruvate, kebs cycle and ETC take place
mitochondrial matrix
what gives more energy
braking carbon to carbon bonds
what gives the most energy
kebs cycle
what translates energy into ATP
ETC
fundament of cells
ATP, a source of carbon to synthesizing macromolecules
catabolic
harvest stored energy to produce ATP
Anabolic
BUILD, use energy in the form of ATP
ATP production of cells, the hierachy
1 carbohydrates, 2 fats, 3 proteins
where does fat enter celular respiration
broken down by glycerol with enters into glycolysis and converted into acetyl coA= enter kebs cycle
Proteins enter cell respitarion whetre
broken down as amino acids. converted to pyruvate, acetyl coA. entering pyruvate, kebs and ETC
carbohydrates, fats phospholipids, proteins enter where
carbohydrates:Sugar: glucolysis
fats phospholipids: glycerol: glycolysis, pyruvate or kebs
Proteins:amino acid: pyruvate or kebs
glycolysis whole event
1) 10 chemical reactions.
invest 2 ATP (1-5 reactions)
2) energy pay off (6-10 reactions) NADH is made and ATP is produces by substrate level phosphorylation
Net Yield is 2 NADH 2 ATP and 2 pyruvate
phosphofructokinase
high levels of ATP inhibit it. Whem are high it bind to a regulatory side and inhibits the enzyme, so stops it
mitochondia membranes
inter and outer membrane.
Cristae= inner membrane= layers of sac-like structures inside the mitochondria
where is the mitrochondial matrix
inside the inner membrane
where does pyruvate take place
EUKARYOTES= inside matrix with enzyme called pyruvate dehydrogenase
PROKARIOTES= cytosol
pyruvate reactions
takes pyruvate remove co2 and make acetyl coA. 3 carbon to 2 carbon
Pyruvate, NAD+ GO IN = CO2 NADH and acetyl coA come out
whar happened when glycolysis and pyruvate are abundant
pyruvate dehydrogenase is phosphorylated, chnages shape and is inhibited
prokaryotes location of cell respiration
takes place in cytosol just like glycolisis
kebs cycle turns
twice per glucose molecule
for each molecule of glucose that is oxidized the cell produces
6Co2
4ATP
10ANDH
2FADH
glucose formula
C6H12O6
as electrons more from one molecule to another in the ECT
they are held more tightly
small amt of energy is release in each reaction
less potential energy
ETC convert what
NADH, FAHD into ATP. set gradient that pumpo protons across matirx and when they come back we charge with ATP
