Chapter 9

Question 1

Describe skeletal muscle

Answer 1

must abundant muscle type, multinucleated and striated

Question 2

Describe smooth muscle

Answer 2

it surronds hollow organs, filiform in shape and non-striated

Question 3

Describe cardiac muscle

Answer 3

striated, uninucleated, striated, and posseses intercalated disks

Question 4

Describe the cells of cardiac muscles

Answer 4

cylindrical, branched cells with a single centrally located nucleus

Question 5

Describe the cells of skeletal muscles

Answer 5

Long, cylindrical, non-branching cells with many peripherally located nuclei

Question 6

Describe the cells of smooth muscles

Answer 6

spindle-shaped cells with a single centrally located nucleus

Question 7

How are muscle fibers and muscle fascicles structurally related to each other?

Answer 7

A muscle fasciculus is composed of groups of muscle fibers bundled together.

Question 8

List the arrangement of connective tissue layers from most superficial to deepest in a muscle

Answer 8

The muscular fascia overlays the epimysium which overlays the perimysium which overlays the endomysium.

Question 9

Which best describes how skeletal muscle fibers are produced?

Answer 9

Several myoblasts fuse to form a single myofiber.

Question 10

The heavy connective tissue layer surrounding each fasciculus

Answer 10

perimysium

Question 11

The dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle

Answer 11

epimysium

Question 12

Delicate connective tissue that surrounds individual cells

Answer 12

Endomysium

Question 13

A group of muscle ______ wrapped together in a connective tissue layer is called a______.

Answer 13

fibers, fasciculus

Question 14

Which of the following accurately describes the structure of a muscle?

Answer 14

A skeletal muscle fiber is a single, long, cylindrical cell containing several peripherally located nuclei.

A single skeletal muscle fiber can extend from one end of a muscle to the other.

Question 15

What are the cells that muscle fibers develope from?

Answer 15

myoblasts

Question 16

sarcolemma

Answer 16

The plasma membrane of a muscle fiber

Question 17

What are the transverse (T) tubules?

Answer 17

They are tube-like invaginations of the sarcolemma that extend inward throughout the muscle cell.

Question 18

Which is the thinnest myofilament?

Answer 18

actin myofilaments

Question 19

Which is the thickest myofilaments

Answer 19

myosin myofilaments

Question 20

What are sacromeres?

Answer 20

the actin and myosin myofilaments are arranged into highly ordered units

Question 21

In a muscle cell, the highly specialized, smooth endoplasmic reticulum is called the ______.

Answer 21

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 22

Identify characteristics of hypertrophy.

Answer 22

Is an increase in the size of a muscle fiber

Can occur in response to exercise

Question 23

The I band…

Answer 23

consists of actin myofilaments on each side of the Z disk

extends from each side of the Z disk to the ends of the myosin myofilaments

Question 24

What are the Titin’s roles in muscle contraction

Answer 24

Allows the sarcomere to recoil and stretch

Accounts for muscle’s extensibility and elasticity