Chapter 9 Flashcards
Describe skeletal muscle
must abundant muscle type, multinucleated and striated
Describe smooth muscle
it surronds hollow organs, filiform in shape and non-striated
Describe cardiac muscle
striated, uninucleated, striated, and posseses intercalated disks
Describe the cells of cardiac muscles
cylindrical, branched cells with a single centrally located nucleus
Describe the cells of skeletal muscles
Long, cylindrical, non-branching cells with many peripherally located nuclei
Describe the cells of smooth muscles
spindle-shaped cells with a single centrally located nucleus
How are muscle fibers and muscle fascicles structurally related to each other?
A muscle fasciculus is composed of groups of muscle fibers bundled together.
List the arrangement of connective tissue layers from most superficial to deepest in a muscle
The muscular fascia overlays the epimysium which overlays the perimysium which overlays the endomysium.
Which best describes how skeletal muscle fibers are produced?
Several myoblasts fuse to form a single myofiber.
The heavy connective tissue layer surrounding each fasciculus
perimysium
The dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle
epimysium
Delicate connective tissue that surrounds individual cells
Endomysium
A group of muscle ______ wrapped together in a connective tissue layer is called a______.
fibers, fasciculus
Which of the following accurately describes the structure of a muscle?
A skeletal muscle fiber is a single, long, cylindrical cell containing several peripherally located nuclei.
A single skeletal muscle fiber can extend from one end of a muscle to the other.
What are the cells that muscle fibers develope from?
myoblasts
sarcolemma
The plasma membrane of a muscle fiber
What are the transverse (T) tubules?
They are tube-like invaginations of the sarcolemma that extend inward throughout the muscle cell.
Which is the thinnest myofilament?
actin myofilaments
Which is the thickest myofilaments
myosin myofilaments
What are sacromeres?
the actin and myosin myofilaments are arranged into highly ordered units
In a muscle cell, the highly specialized, smooth endoplasmic reticulum is called the ______.
sarcoplasmic reticulum
Identify characteristics of hypertrophy.
Is an increase in the size of a muscle fiber
Can occur in response to exercise
The I band…
consists of actin myofilaments on each side of the Z disk
extends from each side of the Z disk to the ends of the myosin myofilaments
What are the Titin’s roles in muscle contraction
Allows the sarcomere to recoil and stretch
Accounts for muscle’s extensibility and elasticity
