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7th grade History > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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0
Q

Carolingian Renaissance

A

Revival of learning and culture

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1
Q

a physical trial based on the idea of divine intervention

A

ordeal

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2
Q

St. Benedict’s community established

A

monasticism

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3
Q

Important gift from lord to vassal

A

Land

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4
Q

King who invaded England in Battle of Hastings

A

William of Normandy

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5
Q

Year of battle of Hastings

A

1066

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6
Q

King who invaded England during the Battle of Hastings

A

William of Normandy

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7
Q

Document that said a monarch’s power was limited, not absolute

A

Magna Carta

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8
Q

document that said a monarch’s power was limited, not absolute

A

Magna Carta

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9
Q

During the fourth crusade, Venetian leaders neutralized the — Empire and moved their army to —

A

Byzantine

Constantinople

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10
Q

Two men sent to local districts to enforce kings orders

A

missi dominici

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11
Q

Justinian’s codification of roman law

A

Body of Civil Law

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12
Q

He pushed for the crusades by asking for aid

A

Emperor Alexius I

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13
Q

Battle that stopped the Muslim advance into Europe

A

Battle of Tours in 732

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14
Q

Man who strengthened papacy

A

Gregory I

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15
Q

money paid by criminal to victim’s family

A

wergild

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16
Q

Killed by four knights

A

Thomas Becket

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17
Q

People from west Asia who settled in Hungary

A

Magyars

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18
Q

Grant of land made to vassal

A

Fief

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19
Q

heart of feudalism

A

vassalage

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21
Q

first census since Roman times

A

Domesday book

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21
Q

He codified roman law, resulting in the Body of Civil Law

A

Justinian

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22
Q

English king who expanded king’s power and started common law and trial by jury

A

Henry II

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23
Q

Germanic way of determining guilt

A

Ordeal

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24
Q

Founded a community of monks that became a model for monsaticism

A

Benedict

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25
Q

Norsemen of Scandinavia

A

Vikings

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26
Q

he created the Carolingian empire by expanding Frankish Empire

A

Charlemagne

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27
Q

Man who served a lord in a military capacity

A

Vassal

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28
Q

Heavily armored Calvary soldier

A

Knight

29
Q

Written recognition of the rights and obligations between kings and vassals

A

Manga Carta

30
Q

Won Battle of Hastings

A

William of Normandy

31
Q

Led Muslims during third crusade

A

Saladin

33
Q

Initiated fourth crusade

A

Pope Innocent III

34
Q

occupied Spain and Italy before the Ostrogoths

A

Visigoths

35
Q

Germanic tribe that controlled Italy after the Visigoths

A

Ostrogoths

36
Q

members of the Germanic tribes from Denmark and Germany

A

Anglo-Saxons

37
Q

strong military leader, first Germanic ruler to convert to Christianity

A

Clovis

38
Q

Church levels (7)

A
  • God
  • pope
  • archbishop
  • bishop
  • priest/abbot/abbess
  • monks and nuns
  • ordinary people
39
Q

8 services provided by Church

A
  • cared for poor
  • copied books
  • lodging for travelers
  • sick and elderly in hospitals
  • sacrament
  • education
  • music
  • holidays
40
Q

he defeated the Muslims at Battle of Tours in 732; saved northern Europe for Christianity

A

Charles Martel

41
Q

writing room used by monks to copy books

A

scriptoria

42
Q

people sent out to carry a religious message

A

missionaries

43
Q

“messengers of the lord”

A

missi dominici

44
Q

Charlemagne’s changes to the Church

A
  • promoted learning
  • made religious services uniform
  • conquered people and converted them to Catholicism
  • forced clergy (priests) to be educated
45
Q

crowned by pope Italy’s Holy Roman Emperor on Christmas 800 AD

A

Charlemagne

46
Q

first man to rule Frankish empire with pope’s blessing

A

Pepin

47
Q

social, political, economic system in which goods/services were traded for protection from a lord

A

feudalism

48
Q

a man who served his lord as a military soldier

A

vassal

49
Q

relationship between lord and his vassals

A

feudal contract

50
Q

a grant of land given to a vassal by a lord

A

fief

51
Q

she married French King Louis VII; then Duke Henry of Normandy –> 8 kids

A

Eleanor of Aquitaine

52
Q

a law that was common throughout the kingdom

A

common law

53
Q

king who was forced to sign the Magna Carta

A

King John

54
Q

three estates of France

A

1 - clergy
2 - nobles
3 - peasants and townspeople

55
Q

leader of Holy Roman Empire who wanted to conquer northern Italy; angered pope, lost war

A

Frederick

56
Q

Eastern Roman Emperor who simplified law and was head of Eastern Orthodox Church

A

Emperor Justinian

57
Q

head of the Eastern Orthodox Church

A

patriarch

58
Q

split in the Church

A

schism

59
Q

areas of dispute that led to the Schism

A
  • language: Roman = Latin; Eastern = Greek

- Roman liked art; Eastern preferred icons of leaders

60
Q

founded Islam and captured in Jerusalem, born in Mecca

A

Mohammad

61
Q

holy war

A

crusade

62
Q

Latin for “cross”

A

crux

63
Q

why go on a crusade?

A
  • religious conviction
  • use fighting skills
  • glory and wealth
  • salvation
64
Q

year when Turkish muslims conquered Jerusalem and mistreated Christians

A

1071

65
Q

1st Crusade

A

Christians recaptured Jerusalem

66
Q

2nd Crusade

A

Christians lost to Saladin

67
Q

3rd Crusade

A

“Crusade of Kings;” Germans gave Christians access to Jerusalem

68
Q

4th Crusade

A

greed replaced religious zeal; Constantinople “sacked” (destroyed)

69
Q

5 things Europe gained during crusades

A

cotton, figs, plums, apricots, melons, geometry, Arabic numbers

70
Q

who called the first crusade? why?

A

Pope Urban, because he wanted to end feudal warfare between Christians, to rescue Jerusalem, to increase power of Catholicism

7th grade History (3 decks)

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