chapter 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

is an ordered set of stages that take place between the time a eukaryotic cell divides and the time resulting daughter cell divide

A

cell cycle

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2
Q

is a time when a cell performs its usual functions, depending on its location in the body

A

interphase

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3
Q

what does cell cycle- G1

A

growth

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4
Q

what does cell cycle- S

A

DNA synthesis

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5
Q

what does cell cycle- S

A

DNA synthesis

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6
Q

what does cell cycle- G2

A

growth and preparation

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7
Q

what does cell cycle- M

A

mitosis

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8
Q

copied DNA forms two identical chromosomes

A

sister chromatids

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9
Q

cells have agents that influence activities in the cell

A

signals

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10
Q

which are proteins received at the plasma membrane that stimulates growth, even cells locked into Go stage

A

growth factors

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11
Q

the presence of signaling proteins (directing the cell cycle)

A

cyclins

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12
Q

cyclins bind with enzymes

A

CDK- cyclin-dependent kinases

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13
Q

enzymes that induce apoptosis are called

A

caspases

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14
Q

DNA coils around bead like proteins called- these proteins play a tole in protein synthesis, but also serve for structure of the chromosome.

A

histones

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15
Q

the phosephate groups of DNA backbone have a negative charge that is attracted to the positive charge of histone proteins

A

nucleosomes

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16
Q

each species has a distinct chromosome number- the full number

A

diploid

17
Q

each species has a distinct chromosome number- half number

A

haploid

18
Q

make up the centrosome

A

centrioles

19
Q

organize the spindle apparatus necessary to move the chromosomes during division, also replicates

A

centrosome

20
Q

Mitosis stages

A

PMAT
-Prophase
-Metaphase
-Anaphase
-Telophase

21
Q

first and longest stage in mitosis

A

prophase

22
Q

cancer cells characteristics

A

they lack differentiation, they have abnormal nuclei, do not undergo apoptosis, form tumors, perform metastasis (spreading)