chapter 4 biology

Question 1

eukaryotic

Answer 1

has a nucleus, and membrane bound organelles

Question 2

nucleus

Answer 2

boss of the cell

Question 3

prokaryotic

Answer 3

cells the lack a membrane and is a single celled organisms

Question 4

ribosomes

Answer 4

made in the nucleolus, build up protein

Question 5

nucleolus pores

Answer 5

ribosomes exit out of the nucleolus

Question 6

rough ER

Answer 6

has ribosomes

Question 7

smooth ER

Answer 7

does not have ribosomes but is used for lipids/phospholipids

Question 8

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 8

creates space for Ribosomes to make protein; smooth and rough

Question 9

golgi apparatus

Answer 9

packages protein

Question 10

lysosomes

Answer 10

it digests worn out organelles (cleans up)

Question 11

vesicles

Answer 11

the package the protein is carried in

Question 12

autophagy

Answer 12

it is the act of lysosomes getting rid of worn out organelles

Question 13

vacuoles

Answer 13

sac used to store food, enzymes, waste; storage

Question 14

peroxisomes

Answer 14

it breaks down fatty acid

Question 15

chromoplast

Answer 15

pigment in plants besides green (red, yellow, etc.)

Question 16

microbodies

Answer 16

a cell’s membrane-bound vesicles
that have special enzymes that perform certain metabolic functions

Question 17

chloroplast

Answer 17

organelles that capture light energy and convert it to physical energy through photosynthesis “solar generators”

Question 18

chlorophyll

Answer 18

makes the plants green

Question 19

mitochondria

Answer 19

converts food (sugar) into energy (ATP energy)

Question 20

cristae and matrix

Answer 20

the two membranes that make up the mitochondria

Question 21

thylakoid

Answer 21

flattened sacs inside a chloroplast, bounded by pigmented membranes on which the light reactions of photosynthesis take place; green pancake

Question 22

granum

Answer 22

stack of thylakoid

Question 23

H2O2

Answer 23

hydrogen peroxide

Question 24

hydrogen peroxide

Answer 24

when oxygen leaves, it turns into water

Question 25

cytoskeleton

Answer 25

made up of 3 types of structures:
1.) Actin Filaments (microfilaments)
2.) Intermediate Filaments
3.) Microtubules

Question 26

1.) Actin Filaments (microfilaments)
2.) Intermediate Filaments
3.) Microtubules

Answer 26

help in structure; move things around

Question 27

centrioles

Answer 27

organelles made of microtubules in sets of 3 that function during cell division. Located in the cytoplasm of animal and protist cells

Question 28

flagella

Answer 28

whip-like; has a “tail”

Question 29

cilia

Answer 29

oar-like; has “legs”

Question 30

motor molecules

Answer 30

aided by movement using actin filaments; “motor proteins”