Chapter 9/10 - Behaviour Therapy (and CBT)

Question 1

Operant conditioning involves a type of learning in which behaviors are influenced mainly by the consequences that follow them

T/F

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 2

Behavior therapists look to current environmental events that maintain problem behaviors and help clients produce behavior change by changing environmental contingencies.
a. True
b. False

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

Behavior therapy focuses on environmental conditions that contribute to a client’s problems

T/F

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is based on helping clients control or change unpleasant sensations and thoughts.
a. True
b. False

Answer 4

FALSE

Question 5

Behavioral techniques can be effectively incorporated into a group counseling format.
a. True
b. False

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

Typically, the goals of the therapeutic process are determined by the therapist.
a. True
b. False

Answer 6

FALSE

Question 7

Behavior therapists tend to be active and directive, and they function as consultants and problem solvers.
a. True
b. False

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

Multimodal therapy consists of a series of techniques that are used with all clients in much the same way.
a. True
b. False

Answer 8

FALSE

Question 9

Relaxation training has benefits in areas such as preparing patients for surgery, teaching clients how to cope with chronic pain, and reducing the frequency of migraine attacks.
a. True
b. False

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

A program of behavioral change should begin with a comprehensive assessment of the client.
a. True
b. False

Answer 10

TRUE

Question 11

Contemporary behavior therapy is grounded on
a. the psychodynamic aspects of a person.
b. the events of the first 5 years of life.
c. a scientific view of human behavior that accommodates a systematic approach to counseling.
d. a philosophical view of the human condition.

Answer 11

c) a scientific view of human behaviour that accomodates a systematic approach to counselling.

Question 12

What was/were the major focus of cognitive behavioral approaches in the 1960s?
a. Characteristics of the objective environment
b. The role of biological factors in psychological disorders
c. Integration of the concepts of behavioral and cognitive therapies.
d. Cognitive representations of the environment.

Answer 12

d) Cognitive representations of the environment

Question 13

Which of the following assists clients in conceptualizing and using a new set of social skills?
a. Examination of specific behaviors
b. Subjective diagnosis
c. Relaxation technique
d. Feedback and reinforcement

Answer 13

d) Feedback and reinforcement

Question 14

Which is not true as it is applied to behavior therapy?
a. The general goals of behavior therapy are to increase personal choice and to create new conditions for learning.
b. A good working relationship between client and therapist is necessary for behavior change to occur.
c. Insight is necessary for behavior change to occur.
d. Therapy is not complete unless actions follow verbalizations

Answer 14

c) insight is necessary for behaviour change to occur

Question 15

Most behavioral practitioners stress the value of establishing a collaborative working relationship with clients but contend that
a. warmth, empathy, authenticity, permissiveness, and acceptance are necessary, but not sufficient, for behavior change to occur.
b. warmth, empathy, authenticity, and permissiveness are necessary and sufficient conditions for behavior change to occur.
c. the relationship is more directive on the therapist’s part and submissive on the client’s part.
d. warmth, empathy, and acceptance are neither necessary nor a sufficient condition for behavior change to occur.

Answer 15

a) warmth, empathy, authenticity, permissiveness, and acceptance are necessary, but not sufficient, for behavior change to occur.

Question 16

Applied behavior Analysis: makes use of
a. classical conditioning techniques.
b. operant conditioning techniques.
c. cognitive behavioral techniques.
d. progressive muscle relaxation.

Answer 16

B) operant conditioning techniques

Question 17

Mindfulness-based stress reduction practices rely on
a. didactic instruction.
b. positive reinforcement.
c. experiential learning and client self-discovery.
d. negative reinforcement.

Answer 17

C) experiential learning and client self-discovery

Question 18

Dialectical behavior therapy
a. is a long-term therapy for treating depression.
b. is a form of operant conditioning used to treat anxiety related problems.
c. is a promising blend of behavioral and psychoanalytic techniques for treating borderline personality disorders.
d. has no empirical support for its validity.

Answer 18

c)

Question 19

An exposure therapy that entails assessment and preparation, imaginal flooding, and cognitive restructuring using rapid, rhythmic eye movements aimed at treatment of traumatic experiences is called
a. eye movement desensitization and reprocessing.
b. in vivo desensitization.
c. systematic desensitization.
d. flooding.

Answer 19

A) eye movemet desentitzation and reprocessing

Question 20

Which is not true of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)?
a. DBT emphasizes the importance of the client–therapist relationship.
b. DBT is a blend of Adlerian concepts and behavioral techniques.
c. DBT was formulated for treating borderline personality disorders.
d. DBT incorporates mindfulness training and Zen practices.

Answer 20

B)

Question 21

Prolonged/intense exposure—either in real life or in imagination—to highly anxiety-evoking stimuli is called
a. systematic desensitization.
b. in vivo desensitization.
c. flooding.
d. self-management training.

Answer 21

C)FLOODING

Question 22

A shortcoming of behavioral therapy from a diversity perspective is
a. the focus on treating specific behavioral problems overlooking significant issues.
b. the lack of clear concepts on which to base practice.
c. its disregard for the client–therapist relationship.
d. its lack of research to evaluate the effectiveness of techniques.

Answer 22

A) the focus on treating specific behavioural problems, overlooking significant issues

Question 23

Contemporary behavior therapy places emphasis on
a. helping clients acquire insight into the causes of their problems.
b. a phenomenological approach to understanding the person.
c. encouraging clients to reexperience unfinished business with significant others by role-playing with them in the present.
d. the interplay between the individual and the environment.

Answer 23

D) the interplay between the individual and the environment

Question 24

)Which is not true as it applies to multimodal therapy?
a. The approach encourages technical eclecticism.
b. Therapists adjust their procedures to effectively achieve the client’s goals in therapy.
c. Therapeutic flexibility and versatility are valued highly.
d. Great care is taken to fit the client to a predetermined type of treatment.

Answer 24

D)

Question 25

Which of the following is not considered one of the basic characteristics of contemporary behavior therapy?
a. The therapy is an experiential and insight-oriented approach.
b. Experimentally derived principles of learning are systematically applied to help people change their maladaptive behaviors.
c. The focus is on assessing the current determinants of behavior, including identifying the problem and evaluating the change.
d. Emphasis is on specific factors that influence present functioning and what factors can be used to modify performance.

Answer 25

A) the therapy is an experiential and insight-oriented approach

Question 26

CHAPTER 10 QUIZ:

Q1. Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) makes use of both cognitive and behavioral techniques, but it does not use emotive techniques.
a. True
b. False

Answer 26

FALSE

Question 27

REBT practitioners strive to unconditionally accept all clients and to teach them to unconditionally accept others and themselves.
a. True
b. False

Answer 27

TRUE

Question 28

Cognitive therapy, an evidence-based therapy for depression, was developed by Meichenbaum.
a. True
b. False

Answer 28

FALSE

Question 29

A major contribution made by Ellis, the Becks, Padesky and Mooney, and Meichenbaum is the demystification of the therapy process.
a. True
b. False

Answer 29

TRUE

Question 30

Ellis shares Rogers’s view of the client–therapist relationship as a condition for change to occur within clients.
a. True
b. False

Answer 30

FALSE

Question 31

Beck developed a procedure known as stress inoculation training.
a. True
b. False

Answer 31

FALSE

Question 32

According to Albert Ellis, to feel worthwhile, human beings need love and acceptance from significant others.
a. True
b. False

Answer 32

FALSE

Question 33

Ellis maintains that events themselves do not cause emotional disturbances; rather, it is our evaluation of and beliefs about these events that cause our problems.
a. True
b. False

Answer 33

TRUE

Question 34

A difference between Beck’s cognitive therapy and Ellis’s REBT is that Beck places more emphasis on helping clients discover their misconceptions for themselves than does Ellis.
a. True
b. False

Answer 34

TRUE

Question 35

According to Beck, people become disturbed when they label, interpret, and evaluate themselves by a set of rules that are unrealistic.
a. True
b. False

Answer 35

TRUE

Question 36

Which of the following is not a part of stress inoculation training?
a. Relaxation training
b. Exception questions
c. Socratic discovery-oriented inquiry
d. Self-reinforcement

Answer 36

B) EXCEPTION QUESTIONS

Question 37

REBT is based on the premise that human beings
a. are determined by strong unconscious sexual and aggressive forces.
b. learn irrational beliefs from significant others during childhood and then re-create these irrational beliefs throughout our lifetime.
c. are trying to develop a lifestyle to overcome feelings of basic inferiority.
d. are innately striving for self-actualization.

Answer 37

B) learn irrational beliefs from significant others during childhood and then re-create these irrational beliefs throughout our lifetime

Question 38

REBT is based on the assumption that
a. cognitions, emotions, and behaviors interact significantly.
b. humans emote without thinking.
c. humans think without emoting.
d. humans behave without emoting or thinking

Answer 38

A) cognitions, emotions, and behviours interact significantly.

Question 39

REBT views the core of emotional disturbances to be
a. failure to fulfill our existential needs.
b. excessive feelings.
c. blame.
d. inadequate mothering during infancy.

Answer 39

C) BLAME

Question 40

One of the most common CBT group approaches is
a. based on REBT principles and techniques.
b. the assumption that a therapeutic atmosphere is both necessary and sufficient for change to occur.
c. the group leader believing that using techniques interferes with the group process.
d. the group leader assuming a blank screen demeanor so as to enhance transference feelings of the members.

Answer 40

A) based on REBT principles and techniques

Question 41

Which of the following is not one of the three basic musts or irrational beliefs of REBT that inevitably lead to self-defeat?
a. “Other people must treat e fairly, kindly, and well.”
b. “I do not need to be accepted and loved.”
c. “The world and my living conditions must be comfortable, gratifying, and just, providing me with all that I want in life.”
d. “I must do well and be loved and approved by others.”

Answer 41

B) “I do not need to be accepted and loved.”

Question 42

The main idea of SB-CBT is
a. that active incorporation of client strengths encourages clients to engage more fully in therapy and often provides avenues for change that otherwise would be missed.
b. that we learn irrational beliefs from significant others during childhood and then re-create these irrational beliefs throughout our lifetime.
c. based on the theoretical rationale that the way people feel and behave is influenced by how they perceive and place meaning on their experience.
d. that people contribute to their own psychological problems.

Answer 42

A)

Question 43

Meichenbaum’s focuses more on helping clients become aware of their self-talk and the stories they tell about themselves.
a. self-talk analysis
b. self-instructional training
c. self-awareness conditioning
d. narrative therapy

Answer 43

B) self-instructional training

Question 44

Which of the following is not one of several common cognitive distortions identified in cognitive therapy?
a. Faulty information processing
b. Selective abstraction
c. Arbitrary inferences
d. Non-polarized thinking

Answer 44

D) non-polarised thinking

Question 45

Cognitive behavior therapy tends to be culturally sensitive because
a. it uses the individual’s belief system, or worldview, as part of the method of self-exploration.
b. cognitions are the major determinants of how we feel and act.
c. the best way to change thinking is to reexperience past emotional traumas in the here and now.
d. our feelings determine our actions.

Answer 45

A) it uses the individual’s belief system, or worldview, as part of the method of self-exploration.

Question 46

In cognitive therapy, techniques are designed to
a. help clients experience their feelings more intensely.
b. assist clients in substituting rational beliefs for irrational beliefs.
c. identify and examine a client’s beliefs.
d. enable clients to deal with their existential loneliness.

Answer 46

C) identify and examine a client’s beliefs

Question 47

Which of the following is a cognitive distortion that involves categorizing experiences in either-or extremes?
a. Arbitrary inference
b. Overgeneralization
c. Magnification and exaggeration
d. Dichotomous thinking

Answer 47

D) dichotomous thinking

Question 48

Beck’s cognitive therapy places more emphasizes on
a. helping clients identify misconceptions for themselves.
b. working with the client in collaborative ways.
c. less structure in the therapeutic process.
d. a Socratic dialogue.

Answer 48

A)helping clients identify misconceptions for themselves

Question 49

Beck’s cognitive therapy has been most widely applied to the treatment of
a. depression.
b. psychosomatic reactions.
c. phobias.
d. stress symptoms

Answer 49

A) DEPRESSION

Question 50

In self-instructional training, helping clients do which of the following is given primary importance?
a. Become aware of their self-talk
b. Identify cognitive errors
c. Learn the A-B-C model of emotional disturbances
d. Detect and debate irrational thoughts

Answer 50

A) become aware of their self-talk

Question 51

Cognitive Therapy most widely practiced – brief therapy in ‘in’ now and this can do this. It’s cost effective and time sensitive.
It uses empirical bases.

Answer 51

Behaviour Therapy
* Therapy in the office is important, but a client’s behaviour outside of the therapy session is even more important.
* There are many techniques a behaviour therapist can use to facilitate client change
* Behaviour rehearsal can be done in many different therapeutic modalities
* Fair amount of time is spent in this therapy teaching patients how to put new skills into action in everyday life
* Behaviour rehearsal is very important to do with the therapist. Ex: how to speak more assertively, not aggressively
* Relaxation techniques are also very important
* ‘Homework’ is a big component of this therapy –therapist will set up what the client should be doing in the next week