Chapter 9 & 10 Flashcards
- What are preskills?
basic skills necessary for performing more complex skills.
- Provide an example of when a teacher might consider assessing preskills.
before teaching a more complex skill
- True or False. When introducing new skills to students with special needs, the skills should be presented in large steps.
False. Smaller
- How can teachers facilitate the retention of basic academic skills?
provide opportunities for practice and review
- On page 279, Marzano (2004) comments that the background knowledge that students bring to a content area lesson is often as important for understanding as the quality of the textbook or the instructional presentation. Do you agree or disagree and why.
Kid language is easier to understand and to make connections to new information to what they know. Comprehension
- What consists of a series of statements, some of which may not be true, that are related to the material the student is about to read?
anticipation guides
- What helps writers to focus on the background information needed for writing as well as on the audience and purpose of the paper?
planning think sheets
- What is a general term for outlines, abstracts or questions that emphasize important information in the textbook?
study guides
- What is a graphic organizer?
a visual format that helps students to organize their understanding of information being presented or read and the relationships between various parts of the information
- Agree or Disagree. Most students with special needs will be confused by graphic organizers. Please explain.
agree. most students with special needs depend on graphic organizers to help them
- What is a concept diagram?
a method that combines graphic organizers with the method just described using definitions and positive and negative examples
- What are four guidelines for giving oral directions?
state command specifically using concrete terms
give bite sized directions
accompany explanations with demonstration cuing words
- After raising a question, what is the time called that you allow your students to think about their answer? What amount of wait time has research found to be beneficial?
3-5 minutes
wait time
True or False. The INCLUDE strategy can be utilized to ensure that the questions that you ask in class match the instructional levels of your students.
True
what is the purpose of practice activities
provide students with opportunities to refine skills or solidifying content that have already learned and monitor performance
should students be able to complete practice activities independently
yes if modified to the students needs
When written directions for students with special needs are difficult, what should the teacher do?
write them down in smaller steps, clarify highlight vocabulary
- Why do students with special needs often have difficulty completing homework assignments?
it is too difficult and cause of stress
- True or False. Before assigning homework, a teacher should consider whether the student has the necessary background knowledge in order to complete the assignment.
True
- What is the purpose of an environmental inventory?
modify materials and activities
- What questions should a teacher raise when completing an environmental inventory?
what is the standard involve
what does a person who doesn’t have a disability have to do in this environment to meet standards
can the the person who has a disability participate like everyone else?
support and expectations
- What are self-advocacy skills?
self determination or the ability to make decisions and direct behavior so that the desired goals are achieved
- What are techniques, principles or rules that enable students to learn how to solve problems and complete tasks independently?
learning stategies
- What is the first step in learning strategy instruction?
assess current strategy use
- What are the characteristics of controlled materials?
at students reading level, high interest and relatively free of complex vocabulary and concepts
- Giving students verbal cues when they are first practicing a learning strategy is a part of ____________________.
guided practice
- With regard to learning strategies, what guidelines are offered for praising students?
genuine. praise worthy
praise when work is praise worthy. not all the time
- True or False. Teachers should provide feedback that is specific and encourages students to evaluate themselves.
true
- What is the purpose of the WARF strategy?
increase reading speed
- What is the purpose of the SCROL strategy?
to help students understand text headings- comprehension
- What is the POSSE strategy?
aide in reading comprehension
- What approach teaches students to comprehend reading material by providing them with teacher and peer models of thinking behavior and allowing them to practice these with their peers?
reciprocal teaching
- According to Englert, what is the most important aspect of reciprocal teaching?
the teacher releases control
teacher encourages students to help others
dialog to students
- How does the POWER strategy help students?
organize all the steps in writing
- What is a pattern guide?
graphic organizer to help organize papers
- Reflection Question. How are the various strategies presented in this chapter related to the task analysis process?
to help students complete tasks by breaking it down in smaller steps
- How does self-instruction benefit students?
students talk themselves through a task
- When students watch or check themselves to make sure that targeted behaviors have been performed, this is called what?
self monitor
- What is the benefit of the SLANT strategy? (p. 320)
increase student involvement during class lessons
- What is the purpose of the LAMPS strategy?
to help remember the steps in regrouping or carrying in addition
