Chapter 9-10 Flashcards
Due to social media, adolescents are more likely to contract and STD. Which of the following is contributing to this growing trend? Select all that apply.
A - Use of social media for “hooking up”
B - Concurrent sexual partners and multiple sexual partners
C - The belief that condoms protect from all STIs
D - All sexually active teens use condoms.
E - Oral sex has increased in prevalence among adolescents
A
B
C
E
Which strategy might help facilitate trust when a nurse is performing an examination of an adolescent?
A - Speak only to the patient
B - Remember that the client is a child, and be firm with instructions.
C - Do not tell the client any assessment findings, as he or she will not understand the relevance.
D - Speak directly to the client and ask if he or she wants the parent present for the examination.
D
Which of the following are risks faced by adolescent girls who are pregnant. Select all that apply.
A - Bone density loss
B - Iron Deficiency Anemia
C - Loss of educational opportunities
D - Increased risk for gestational diabetes
E - Interruption of developmental tasks
A
B
C
E
What type of advanced thinking develops during young adulthood?
A - Post-Formal Operations
B - Formal Operations
C - Rational Thought
D - Future thinking
A
The nurse is interviewing a sexually active young adult who has multiple partners. Which of the following Sexually Transmitted Diseases would be a possible risk? Select all that apply.
A - Pregnancy
B - Chlamydia
C - Genital Warts
D - Candida
E - Gonorrhea
B
C
E
Which of the following best defines intimate partner violence?
A - Intimate violence between two people who do not know each other.
B - The abuse of power and control within an intimate relationship.
C - When the rape victim knows their perpetrator
D - The physical abuse from a paid caregiver to an elderly person.
B
The nurse is working with an adolescent around issues that affect health. Which of the following should the nurse stress about the adolescent’s diet?
A - Adolescents can eat whatever they want, as long as they exercise.
B - Nutrition is only a concern if the adolescent is obese or anorexic.
C - Adolescents should take 1300 mg of calcium and 400 up of vitamin D daily.
D - Sugar and fat intake do not need to be monitored because growth is so rapid.
C
When assessing a young adult, what characteristics might alter the nurse to potential diabetes or heart disease?
A - Client’s who are overweight
B - Client’s who abuse alcohol
C - Clients who have no family history of cardiac problems.
D - Clients who do not exercise
A
Which of the following is an example of the intimacy vs isolation phase of social development for young adults?
A - Caring for their aging parents
B - Developing lasting friendships and associations
C - Getting married and having children
D - Competing college and getting a job
B
Which of the following would be important components of an adolescent health history? Select all that apply.
A - Psychosocial profile
B - Driving history
C - Nutrition and body image
D - Tattoos and piercings
E - Sleep patterns
A
C
D
E
Which are possible contributing factors to obesity in school-aged children? Select all that apply.
A - Less time playing outside
B - More fast food consumption
C - Busy lifestyle
D - Reading more books
E - Increased incidence of illness
A
B
C
At what age is HPV recommended for both boys and girls?
A - 9
B - 11
C - 13
D - 15
B
Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide parents, when an antibiotic has been prescribed for their child? Select all that apply.
A - Antibiotics should not be prescribed for a cold or the flu
B - It is important for children to take the entire course of medication, even if the symptoms are gone.
C - When your child is no longer contagious, they can stop taking the antibiotics.
D - Your doctor may prescribe antibiotics for symptoms of the flu
E - Children never develop antibiotic resistant infections
A
B
Which of the following safety interventions should the nurse review with the school-aged child and his or her parents?
A - Use a helmet while bicycling
B - Use safety equipment while playing sports
C - Wear a seatbelt in the car
D - The importance of good nutrition
E - The CDC’s recommendations on immunizations
A
B
C
A 6th grade female is undergoing her physical examination. What should the nurse assess for during this visit? Select all that apply.
A - Nutrition and BMI
B - Scoliosis
C - Visual Acuity
D - Hepatitis B immunization
E - Risky sexual behviors
A
B
C
D
The nurse is obtaining a health history from a 22 year old female client. Which of the following would be an appropriate recommendation from the nurse regarding exercise?
A - no aerobic exercise is necessary at this age.
B - Exercise at a moderate intensity for 2.5 hours a week
C - As long as you eat healthy, exercise should not be a concern.
D - Woman of childbearing age should not exercise
B
Which of the following examples of age and demographics would likely have the longest lifespan at birth according to data from the national center for health statistics (2017)?
A - White male
B - Non-Hispanic black male
C - White female
D - Hispanic female
D
Which are common health problems of middle adulthood? Select all that apply.
A - Obesity
B - Hypertension
C - Unintentional injury
D - Cancer
E - Eating disorders
A
B
D
A recently admitted 32 year old female client has just been told she has State IV breast cancer. She immediately tells her family members to leave the room and not come back and becomes agitated with the nursing staff when trying to implement the nursing plan. Which best describes this type of behavior?
A - Id
B - Ego
C - Unconscious mind
D - Defense mechanism
D
A middle aged patient is admitted with a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. What 2 factors for this disease process are not in the patient’s control? Select all that apply.
A - Age
B - Excessive weight
C - Sedentary lifestyle
D - Smoking
E - Family /history
A
E
Which is a leading cause of death in the middle adult years?
A - diabetes
B - Cardiovascular disease
C - Joint Pain
D - Obesity
B
Which of the following vaccines should middle adults be encouraged to have?
A - MMR
B - Influenza
C - Shingles
D - Pneumonia
B
What is the reason for a slight loss of height during the middle years?
A - Slight loss of bone density
B - Slumping while walking
C - Lordosis
D - Decrease in muscle tone
A
The nurse is teaching a group of middle-age adults. What is the focus of the nurse when educating this group?
A - Promotion of a healthy lifestyle
B - Support for chronic health problems
C - Focus on the changes in their Boyd
D - Preparation for declining health
A
Cognitive and social changes during neonatal period. Select all that apply.
A - behaviors are primarily reflexive
B - Newborns will turn toward loud sounds
C - Neonates primarily follow the fathers voice
D - Neonates fixate and focus on objects
E - Neonates are sensitive to touch
F - Vision is clear at the time of birth
G - Neonates prefer human faces and black/white contrasting images
H - Neonates can distinguish the smell of their own mother’s breast milk
A
D
E
G
H
Cognitive and social changes during infancy. Select all that apply.
A - infants receive pleasure from sucking
B - Infants verbally interact with caregivers
C - Infants are unable to recognize familiar objects
D - Color discrimination begins
E - Infants please themselves by cooing and laughing
F - Infants find pleasure in sucking
G - Trust develops when needs are ignored
H - Imitation of sounds begins in infancy
A
B
D
E
F
H
Cognitive and social changes during toddler age. Select all that apply.
A - language develops
B - toddlers tolerate long periods of separation from primary caregiver
C - Toddlers begin to solve problems with thinking
D - Toddlers become more independent
E - Toddlers tolerate change well
F - Toddlers begin to learn control and autonomy
G - Toilet training begins
H - tantrums occur
A
C
D
F
G
H
Common health problems of infancy. Select all that apply.
A - Immunization anaphylaxis
B - Colic
C - Dental caries
D - Failure to thrive
E - Malnutrition
F - Electrolyte imbalances
G - Unintentional injury
H - Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
B
C
D
G
H
Common health problems of toddler years. Select all that apply.
A - Chronic illness
B - Infections
C - Unintentional injury
D - Delays in development
E - Failure to thrive
F - Sleep disorders
G - Constipation
H - Malnutrition
B
C
A parent has brought her 11-month-old child to the healthcare clinic for a well-child appointment and immunizations. To assess the child’s risk for injury, which question should the nurse ask the caregiver? Select all that apply.
A - “Do you have any pets in your home?”
B - “Have you ever had a CPR class?”
C - “Does your child use a car seat?”
D - “Do you have any guns in your home?”
E - “Where do you keep poisons and medications in your home?”
A
B
C
D
E
The nurse practitioner is evaluating a 3-year-old in the clinic. The mother states, “My son is still in diapers and he doesn’t seem interested in using the toilet like my friends’ toddlers.” What would be the nurse’s best response?
A - “You may not have the right incentive for him. Have you tried rewards?”
B - “He may be mentally slow. Let’s do some further evaluation.”
C - “It’s most common for children to be out of diapers by 18 months.”
D - “Often children will be into their preschool years before they are out of diapers.”
D
Which best describe the cognitive and psychosocial development of the neonate? Select all that apply.
A - Calms when pacified with warm blanket or swaddling
B- Possesses limited hearing
C - Focuses on objects
D - Exhibits reflexive responses to stimuli
E - Can distinguish mother’s sounds from those of others
A
C
D
E
The nurse is assessing an infant for common health problems during the 3-month follow-up appointment. Which assessment finding is normal and not a cause for concern?
A - Improper use of a car seat
B - Use of milk in a bottle during the night
C - Weight loss over the past month
D - The infant sleeps 10 hours a night
D
A toddler is brought to the clinic with 1 day’s onset of a fever and lethargy. What is a priority assessment?
A - Signs of abuse or trauma
B - Height and weight
C - Ability to throw a ball
D - Immunization record
D
Which describe competencies of cognitive development according to Piaget’s theory? Select all that apply.
A - Growth
B - Adaptation
C - Maturation
D - Assimilation
E - Accommodation
B
D
E
An infant has an Apgar score of 9 at 5 minutes after birth. The nurse assessing the infant knows that this indicates which situation?
A - A medical emergency requiring resuscitation
B - Normal function, but continued monitoring
C - Robust, excellent health
D - Observed in intensive care
B
What is a leading cause of health problems in toddlers?
A - Cancer
B - Cardiovascular disease
C - Unintentional injury
D - Complications from childhood illnesses
C
A nurse in the neonatal unit is assigned a newborn who exhibits tremors, restlessness, hyperactive reflexes, poor temperature control, and high-pitched cries. The nurse also notices the infant is at risk for seizures. Upon assessment, it is determined the infant has been exposed to which teratogen?
A - Alcohol
B - Nicotine
C - Cocaine
D - Heroin
D
An infant is being admitted for diagnostic testing to determine why there are developmental delays. You notice the 10-month-old is not using his arms and legs as he should and is not crawling or pushing himself up. Which developmental pattern has been affected by this delay?
A - Proximodistal
B - Cephalocaudal
C - Proximocaudal
D - Cephalodistal
A
Neural tube defects such as spina bifida are due to which?
A - Folic acid deficiency
B - Heart disease
C - Gestational diabetes
D - Use of methamphetamines
A
During the first 8 hours after birth, what should the nurse assess the newborn for?
A - Sleep stage
B - Elimination
C - Parent-infant attachment
D - Focus ability
E - Response to bathing and care
A
B
C
Which of the following skin conditions might be present at birth?
A - Cherry angiomas
B - Vernix caseosa
C - Milia
D - Atopic dermatitis
E - Mongolian spot
B
C
E
When measuring the newborn at birth, the nurse should expect to the length to be:
A - 14 to 19 inches
B - 16 to 24 inches
C - 18 to 22 inches
D - 20 to 25 inches
C
What is the definition of growth?
A - Physical changes that occur over time, such as an increase in height, weight, sexual maturation, and muscle tone
B - The process of adapting to one’s own body and environment over time
C - Mastering skills of increased complexity and function
D - Ability to discern different types of decisions and functions
A
Latisha and her twin sister, Natasha, are 4 years old and preparing for preschool. Their mom brings them to the clinic for an annual physical.
Both girls weigh 38 pounds and are 39 inches tall. They know their colors and have 20/20 vision. Hearing is mature, and they can classify objects. They love to skip rope and play hopscotch. Which of these examples demonstrates normal physical development for the girls? Select all that apply.
A - Height and weight
B - Vision and hearing
C - Ability to classify objects
D - Skipping rope
E - Playing hopscotch
A
B
C
D
E
Natasha struggles with clearly stating her address and phone number. She counts to 3, then begins with 1 again. She knows how babies are born and is hesitant to socialize with peers. Which of these characteristics is of concern to the nurse? Select all that apply.
A - Inability to state address
B - Inability to state phone number
C - Inability to count past 3
D - Knowledge of how babies are born
E - Hesitance to socialize
A
C
E
As the nurse reviews the girls’ immunization record, it is noted that both girls are behind in their immunizations. What action would the nurse recommend at this time? Select all that apply.
A - Use the CDC guidelines for catch up
B - Discuss the antivaccination issues with Mom
C - Explain the need to have the twins get back on schedule
D - Discuss school readiness including vaccinations
E - No action. Vaccinations are the choice of the parent.
A
C
D
Latisha clearly tells the nurse that she does not want any shots and she refuses to roll up the sleeve of her shirt. Which approach might the nurse consider using?
A - Have the mother roll up the child’s sleeve.
B - Use role-playing to have the child give a shot to a doll.
C - Explain in detail what will happen.
D - Ask the child why she doesn’t want a shot.
B
The parents voice a concern that Natasha has started wetting the bed two or three nights a week. They wonder whether it’s related to her anxiety about starting preschool. What is an appropriate response for the nurse to give? Select all that apply.
A - “Bedwetting during the preschool age is common.”
B - “Bedwetting is related to the inability to hold a full night’s output of urine.”
C - “Emotions and anxiety are common reasons for bedwetting.”
D - “Some children lack the neurological ability to awaken in response to a full bladder.”
E - “Most cases resolve spontaneously.”
A
B
D
E
Latisha and Natasha are now 8 years old and in the third grade. What finding is anticipated as normal at this age? Select all that apply.
A - Latisha’s vision is 20/80 without correction.
B - Natasha’s adult front teeth are halfway in.
C - Natasha has learned to crochet potholders.
D - Latisha has started playing the piano.
E - Latisha is worried that her parents will divorce.
B
C
D
E
At the annual checkup, 8-year-old Natasha is categorized as obese for her age. Which potential complications of obesity can occur during childhood? Select all that apply.
A - Type I diabetes mellitus
B - Type II diabetes mellitus
C - Hyperlipidemia
D - Hypertension
E - Heart attack
B
C
D
As Latisha and Natasha turn 11, the nurse speaks with them about safety. What would be important to include? Select all that apply.
A - “Have you ever smoked?”
B - “Have you ever tried alcohol or drugs?”
C - “Are you sexually active?”
D - “Are there guns in the home?”
E - “Do you eat a lot of fast food?”
A
B
C
D
A nurse is talking to a group of Girl Scouts aged 8 to 11 years. What is most important for the nurse to include in the discussion?
A - Importance of regular physical activity
B - Use of seat belts
C - Eating disorders
D - Safe sex practices
A
What would be a normal finding for a preschool-age child? Select all that apply.
A - Respirations 16 to 19 breaths/min
B - Respirations 18 to 21 breaths/min
C - Pulse 90 to 100 beats/min
D - Respirations 22 to 25 breaths/min
E - Pulse 80 to 90 beats/min
C
D
A mother asks the nurse why her son is so much smaller than his elementary school classmates. After evaluating the child’s growth pattern, what would be the best response by the nurse?
A - “Your child has grown 2 inches this year, which is normal.”
B - “We can ask the healthcare provider.”
C - “Children grow at different rates.”
D - “Is his father small?”
A
What has the greatest impact on a child’s feelings of self-worth during the school-age years? Select all that apply.
A - Teachers
B - Clergy
C - Peers
D - Parents
E - Siblings
C
D
The nurse should evaluate health risks in the school-age child. What should be included in the assessment of an 11-year-old? Select all that apply.
A - Obesity
B - Unintentional injury
C - Bedwetting
D - Asthma
E - Poisoning
A
B
D
Which are possible contributing factors to obesity in school-aged children? Select all that apply.
A - Less time playing outside
B - More fast food consumption
C - Busy lifestyle
D - Reading more books
E - Increased incidence of illness
A
B
C
For the hospitalized school-age child, what is one way that the nurse can minimize his or her discomfort at being separated from family and friends?
A - Maximize the child’s contact with outside friends and school.
B - Have the child read books to use their imagination.
C - Make sure the child is completing their homework assignments.
D - Offer choices regarding how they spend their time.
A
Which of the following is the most common cause of nonfatal injury sustained by school age children?
A - Falls
B - Motor vehicle accidents
C - Organized sports activities
D - Traffic accidents
A
Which of the following is the most common cause of absenteeism in school-age children?
A - Asthma
B - Lice
C - Communicable diseases
D - Unintentional Injuries
A
How often should children over age 5 be screened for visual acuity?
A - Every 1 to 2 years
B - Every 6 months
C - Every 2 to 3 years
D - Visual screening is not necessary unless indicated
A
Growth Is Rapid
A - Adolescents
B - Young Adults
C - Both
A
Health Concern: Eating Disorders
A - Adolescents
B - Young Adults
C - Both
A
Health Concern: Sexually Transmitted Infections
A - Adolescents
B - Young Adults
C - Both
C
Health Concern: Substance Abuse
A - Adolescents
B - Young Adults
C - Both
C
Need for Group Acceptance
A - Adolescents
B - Young Adults
C - Both
A
Intimate Partner Violence
A - Adolescents
B - Young Adults
C - Both
B
Healthiest Phase of Life
A - Adolescents
B - Young Adults
C - Both
B
Less Dependence and More Self-Sufficient
A - Adolescents
B - Young Adults
C - Both
B
Sarah is a straight-A student, competitive gymnast, and class president of her freshman high school class. She feels she is getting fat despite a low body mass index. She places herself on a 500-calorie per-day diet. Which concern should the nurse have?
A - Development of distorted body image
B - Development of obesity
C - Development of bulimia
D - Development of anorexia nervosa
D
Which are risk factors for intimate partner violence? Select all that apply.
A - Pregnancy
B - Living at home
C - Young age
D - Separated or divorced status
E - Small family size
A
C
D
Which statement about adolescent growth patterns is true?
A - Boys stop growing at a younger age than girls.
B - Girls reach 50% of their height by the time they menstruate.
C - Girls grow in height sooner than boys.
D - Boys reach puberty sooner than girls.
C
Which health concerns are shared with both adolescents and young adults? Select all that apply.
A - Obesity
B - Acne
C - Unintentional injuries
D - Sexuality transmitted infections
E - Substance abuse
A
D
E
Which person is most likely to have a body at peak physical development?
A - Susan, age 18
B - Maria, age 14
C - Joe, age 27
D - Jose, age 41
C
Sophia is a 50-year-old female experiencing middle adulthood. Her older son has recently moved across the country to college, and her younger son is a senior in high school. She’s been married 28 years to Fred. Both Fred and Sophia have fulfilling jobs. Despite this, Sophia cannot help but feel that life as she knows it is changing.
Fred and Sophia discuss what they will do once both of their children are out of the house. They feel the need to redefine their existence as a family without children. What is this behavior demonstrating?
A - Depression
B - Normal transition
C - Midlife crisis
D - Domestic discourse
B
At Sophia’s annual exam, her healthcare provider asks about symptoms of perimenopause. What symptoms would indicate she is experiencing this hormonal change? Select all that apply.
A - Nightly hot flashes
B - Decreased breast size
C - Vaginal dryness
D - Moodiness
E - Increased flatulence
A
B
C
D
Fred has two parents who live in a senior apartment down the street from their home. They have frequent health problems, doctors’ visits, and hospitalizations. Fred feels caught between the needs of his wife and children, his parents, and his job. He feels exhausted most of the time. What are Fred’s symptoms demonstrating?
A - Midlife crisis
B - Andropause
C - Depression
D - Anxiety
A
Sophia has a college class reunion coming up and realizes she has gained 60 pounds since her graduation. Her healthcare provider talks to her about the risks of being obese. What risks would this include? Select all that apply.
A - Joint degeneration
B - Diabetes
C - Hypertension
D - Coronary artery disease
E - Depression
A
B
C
D
The nurse practitioner is evaluating Fred for his annual exam. What should be included in this assessment? Select all that apply.
A - BMI
B - Pap test
C - Blood glucose
D - Prostate exam
E - Lipid panel
A
C
D
E
Fred has developed hypertension. Which risk factors have contributed to this condition? Select all that apply.
A - His mother has hypertension.
B - He loves salty foods.
C - He drinks 1 ounce of alcohol per day.
D - He smokes 1 cigar each New Year’s Eve.
E - He jogs 2 miles four times a week.
A
B
Sophia asks about immunizations “at her age.” How should the nurse respond?
A - “They are no longer needed because you had your normal childhood vaccines.”
B - “You may require some booster shots and should also receive annual flu and pneumonia vaccines.”
C - “Immunizations are optional for adults.”
D - “You are current on vaccines but should consider annual flu and pneumonia vaccines.”
B
ophia asks the nurse about the importance of calcium for her bones. She currently eats Greek yogurt and cereal with milk, but is wondering whether that’s sufficient to maintain bone health. What recommendations should be made? Select all that apply.
A - Consume calcium with meals only.
B - Consume 600 IU of vitamin D per day.
C - Perform regular weight-bearing exercise.
D - Eat calcium with iron each day.
E - Consume 1,200 mg of calcium per day.
B
C
E
The nurse is teaching a group of young adults about changes they may experience during middle adulthood. What should be included? Select all that apply.
A - Increased muscle tone
B - Graying hair
C - Decreased bone mass
D - Increased elasticity of blood vessels
E - Decreased motility
B
C
E
What is the most common cause of death for the middle adult?
A - Hypertension
B - Cardiovascular disease
C - Diabetes
D - Cancer
B
The nurse is discussing the complications of obesity with a patient. What should be included as potential problems? Select all that apply.
A - Constipation
B - Diabetes
C - Joint pain
D - Heart disease
E - High blood pressure
B
C
D
E
The nurse is creating a teaching plan for a client with hypertension caused by obesity. What should be include in the plan? Select all that apply.
A - Smoking cessation
B - Sodium restriction
C - Minimize smoking
D - Daily low-impact exercise
E - Weight-loss diet
A
B
D
E
A middle-aged female comes to the clinic with symptoms of moodiness, poor sleep patterns, and vaginal dryness. What could be a cause of these symptoms?
A - Midlife crisis
B - Perimenopause
C - Diabetes
D - Infection
B
John retired from work last month after 38 years with the same corporation. He’s been looking forward to retirement at the age of 65, but is concerned that the days are beginning to wear on him. Physically he does “okay.” His hypertension is under control with medications and he runs 2 miles three mornings a week. He is planning a trip overseas this summer with Martha, his wife of 43 years.
John has noticed that his knees feel stiff and painful in the mornings as he gets out of bed, so he decides to give up his morning run. What suggestion would be best for John?
A - “Joint pain is common at this age, but biking is less impactful on the joints.”
B - “Take pain medicines daily when you wake up to make the run less uncomfortable.”
C - “Seek medical attention; you may have an injury.”
D - “Consider running at bedtime so the pain will be less intense.”
A
John and Martha are on vacation and John is unable to perform sexually as he normally does. He’s quite concerned and sees his healthcare provider when the problem continues at home. What statement from his healthcare provider is most accurate?
A - “Maybe you are not as aroused by your wife as you used to be.”
B - “It’s probably the change of environment causing the problem.”
C - “It’s a common problem of aging. I know some things we can try that will help.”
D - “You were probably exhausted from the long flight.”
C
John has taken the same blood pressure medication at the same dosage for 10 years. At his last routine physical, his blood pressure was higher than normal. Which statement best describes the reason for this change?
A - His medication was outdated and therefore less potent.
B - He was anxious when his blood pressure was taken.
C - The blood pressure was not taken correctly.
D - Vessels develop increased peripheral resistance with age, causing a rise in blood pressure.
D
Throughout the day, John has to urinate every 2 to 3 hours. Although it’s only a small amount each time, there is a feeling of urgency. He has limited the amount of liquid he drinks, but it doesn’t seem to help. What could be causing this issue?
A - Dehydration
B - An enlarged prostate gland
C - Decreased kidney filtration
D - Medication
B
Marjorie is an 80-year-old female. After a car accident 3 years ago, she lost her driver’s license because of her poor vision. Her husband died shortly afterward and she could no longer care for herself. Her daughter placed her in an assisted living facility that provides meals and 24-hour supervision and care.
Marjorie tells the nurse that she feels “worthless” and wants to become more active. What would be the nurse’s best suggestion?
A - Walk around the block three times a day.
B - Participate in chair aerobics in the recreational center.
C - Lift weights in the gym after meals.
D - Take dancing lessons at the city dance hall.
B
While helping Marjorie with her morning care, the nurse notices several skin tears and bruises on her arms. Marjorie notices the nurse looking at them and says, “My skin used to look smooth and pretty, but now it gets damaged so easily.” What steps should the nurse make? Select all that apply.
A - Provide a foam mattress for the bed.
B - Pad the corners of hard objects in the room.
C - Encourage wearing long sleeves.
D - Avoid contact with tape and adhesive bandages.
E - Use gentle soaps and lotions
A
B
C
D
E
Marjorie notices that she is less able to control her urine. She speaks with the nurse about it, saying, “It used to be an issue only when I coughed or laughed and now it’s all the time.” Which step should the nurse make?
A - Insert a Foley catheter.
B - Use padded briefs.
C - Change undergarments more frequently.
D - Encourage use of the restroom more frequently.
B
As Marjorie ages and becomes more frail, her family decides to move her to a nursing care facility. She has been hospitalized twice in the past 6 months for pneumonia and does not wear her oxygen device at night. As the nurse is helping Marjorie into her wheelchair to go to the dining hall for breakfast, she notices how loose her pants are. She decides to weigh her and finds she has lost 8 pounds in the past month. What should be the nurse’s next action?
A - Change her diet to include more fattening foods.
B - Determine whether any medications she’s taking would cause weight loss.
C - Make her clean her plate with each meal.
D - Monitor her daily calorie intake for a week.
D
As Marjorie is trying to brush her teeth at the bathroom sink, she loses his balance and falls. What actions by the nursing care facility could have prevented this injury? Select all that apply.
A - Assistance with all activities
B - Use of grab bars in the bathroom
C - An emergency call light that is accessible in all areas
D - Use of a walker
E - Not allowing her to brush her teeth
A
B
C
Marjorie becomes bedridden after a fall that resulted in a hairline fracture of her pelvis. She begins to develop a cough of yellow sputum and requires higher amounts of oxygen at night to maintain adequate oxygen levels. Which physiological changes of aging contribute to her current condition? Select all that apply.
A - Weakened immune system
B - Decreased muscle strength
C - Decreased cardiac output
D - Decreased skin elasticity
E - Increased intercostal muscle strength
A
B
Which of the following vaccines would be important for an older client? Select all that apply.
A - Tetanus
B - Herpes zoster
C - MMR
D - Influenza
E - Pneumococcal
A
B
D
E
What is the leading cause of death in older adults?
A - Chronic illnesses
B - Car accidents
C - Pneumonia
D - Heart disease
A
A frail elderly man lives at a senior independent living apartment complex. He is weak, stays in bed most of the time, and becomes fatigued after taking only two or three steps with a walker. His personal hygiene is poor. He moves very slowly when doing even small tasks such as eating a meal. Which interventions are most appropriate for this person? Select all that apply.
A- Contact his children to move in with him.
B - Refer the client to a senior center for an adapted physical activity program.
C - Arrange for nutritious meals to be delivered to the patient’s home.
D - Assess the patient for symptoms of depression and memory loss.
E - Arrange for an aide to assist with activities of daily living.
C
D
E
The nurse practitioner is performing an annual physical examination on an 88-year-old female. Which assessments are most important to include? Select all that apply.
A - Breast cancer screening
B - Visual acuity exam
C - Gait and balance
D - Pap test
E - Height and weight
B
C
E
Which of the following nursing care may be necessary for older adults as they age? Select all that apply.
A - Community resources
B - Multidrug prescriptions
C - Support for change
D - Long-term care
E - Family therapy
A
C
D
Which of the following techniques would the nurse use when communicating with someone who has cognitive deficits? Select all that apply.
A - Use simple short sentences.
B - Say yes, yes, that’s okay.
C - Repeat your words exactly.
D - Avoid using specific language.
E - Provide many choices.
A
C
The nurse is planning a teaching workshop about maintaining an active lifestyle at the local community center for a group of older adults. What information is most important to discuss at the workshop?
A - Prevention of injury and falls
B - Planning and participating in leisure activities and exercise
C - Use of social media to stay connected with family members
D - Resources for assisted living centers and nursing homes
B
How can the nurse be supportive to the caregiver of a client suffering from dementia?
A - Call another family member and make them feel guilty.
B - Provide rapid support during times of crisis.
C - Send the caregiver to a medical doctor.
D - Reassure the caregiver that the patient will improve.
B
Which of the following known prevention measures can help older adults avoid many illnesses and disabilities associated with chronic diseases?
A - Cancer research and medications
B - Healthy lifestyle and immunizations
C - Cognitive exercise
D - Social media and the Internet
B
Which of the following would be the best definition of the “spiral of vulnerability”?
A - The client gives out their Social Security number, which leads to being scammed.
B - The client has a decrease in mobility, which leads to a fall, which leads to hospitalization
C - The client becomes confused, wanders away, and the police must be called.
D - The client lacks understanding and begins yelling at his caregiver.
B
What is ageism?
A - Slowness of gait
B - Age discrimination
C - Greying of the hair
D - Depressed mood
B
The nurse suspects that an older adult patient may have difficulty hearing. Which strategies will the nurse use to improve communication? Select all that apply.
A - Use sign language.
B - Look directly at the patient when speaking.
C - Speak more slowly than usual.
D - Speak loudly toward the patient’s ears.
E - Allow some extra time for the patient to respond.
B
C
D
E
The nurse is speaking with a 69-year-old female patient. What should the nurse explain about osteoporosis?
A - Osteoporosis affects mostly men, so you needn’t worry about it.
B - Women are at high risk because of the lack of calcium intake and changes caused by menopause.
C - Osteoporosis is uncommon, but you should be aware that it exists.
D - As long as you drink a glass of milk every day, you won’t get osteoporosis.
B
Which of the following are the most common and costly chronic disease processes?
A - Osteoporosis, Dementia, Cancer
B - Heart Disease, Stroke, Diabetes
C - Pneumonia, Depression, Stroke
D - Skin tears, Infection, Diabetes
B
Adapted Physical Activity (APA) is a program developed for older adults. What is the benefit for older adults when they participate in this type of program?
A - Corrects sedentary lifestyle
B - Helps older adults make friends
C - Prevents chronic illness
D - Increases cognition
A
