Chapter 2

Question 1

Asking questions that begin with “what if?” Or “how can we?” Are characteristic of a nurse who has which critical thinking quality?
A - Independent thinking
B - Intellectual curiosity
C - Intellectual courage
D - Perseverance

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A client is processing information regarding a new diagnosis and the treatment the physician has recommended. The client’s family has provided excessive input and are attempting to have the nurse “convince” the client to see things their way. Which Critical thinking attitude should the nurse present?
A - Independent thinking
B - Fair-mindedness
C - Intellecutal empathy
D - Intellectual courage

Answer 2

B

Question 3

How are critical thinking skills used when following hydration recommendations for two different clients with dehydration issues. One due to gastrointestinal virus and one with kidney dysfunction?
A - Decisions are geared toward individual differences.
B - The nursing plan considered treatment based on cultural beliefs.
C - Comorbid disorders are assessed to provide optimal level of hydration.
D - Nurses should assess bias and ask clients for their preferences of treatment modalities.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The scientific basis for client care is ever changing. What can a nurse do to stay current with this multifaceted information?
A - Refine critical thinking skills as well as update knowledge and skills frequently.
B - Double-check nursing plans with the supervisor frequently for changes in requirements.
C - Practice stress-reduction techniques in order to prevent burnout and fatigue.
D - Spend time online researching for changes in protocol for common illnesses and injuries.

Answer 4

A

Question 5

Which statement best reflects a critical thinking philosophy being taught to a nursing student?
A - “Think about different interventions that can be used with this client.”
B - “Dig deeper until you reach a single solution.”
C - “Don’t rely on subjective information; use objective analysis to determine the best protocol.”
D - “Trust your gut and go with what you know to be correct.”

Answer 5

A

Question 6

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of diabetes and feels as if something is”not right”. The nurse takes the client’s blood glucose level. The nurse is acting on which type of knowledge?
A - Practical
B- Theoretical
C - Self
D- Ethical

Answer 6

A

Question 7

The nursing supervisor has developed a new protocol for implementing family support through family-centered care. The majority of the staff is apprehensive about trying the new procedure. If the supervisor continues with implementing the plan, which critical thinking attitude is he or she displaying?
A - Courage
B - Empathy
C- Humility
D - Independent thinking

Answer 7

A

Question 8

In a client’s health record, the nurse documents, “Nutritional status will improve as evidenced by weight gain of 3 lb (1.4 kg) by July 1.” This statement is an example of which step of the nursing process?
A - Assessment
B - Diagnosis
C - Planning
D - Implementation

Answer 8

C

Question 9

The care plan for a client includes ambulating for 10 minutes every hour, but the client has been unable to achieve the full amount of time. What is the next step in the nursing process?
A - Assessment
B - Planning
C - Implementation
D- Evaluation

Answer 9

D

Question 10

A nurse encourages a client who has suffered a left brain ischemic stroke to participate in rehabilitation. The nurse reminds the client of his or her family and grandchildren who are a large part of his or her life. The nurse in engaging in which component of caring?
A - Being with
B - Doing for
C - Maintaining belief
D - Knowing

Answer 10

C

Question 11

Which would be considered critical thinking skills when assessing a newly admitted client who has Alzheimer’s disease and pneumonia? Select all that apply.
A - Questioning the client’s family or caregivers as well as the client for clarification of information
B - Separating random information from pertinent information
C - Carefully reading the physician’s notes and orders and prioritizing how to proceed with the nursing plan.
D - Placing oneself in the caregivers’ situation and offering compassion for their needs.
E - Assessing the client’s airway

Answer 11

A
B
C

Question 12

Which of the nurse’s questions demonstrates critical thinking?
A - “Have I gathered enough data to make a decision?”
B - “Where do I document my findings?”
C - “When does the nursing intervention need to be performed?”
D - “What assessments must be done?”

Answer 12

A

Question 13

Which are examples of client uniqueness that a could cause challenges or differences in care and must be considered when creating a nursing plan? Select all that apply.
A - A single mother recovering from a fall at work
B - An elderly Native-American admitted for malignant hypertension
C - A retired police officer recovering from pneumonia
D - A teenager admitted for tonsillectomy
E - A client living below the poverty line, admitted with pneumonia

Answer 13

A
B
E

Question 14

A research-based method for judging and choosing nursing interventions is referred to as what?
A - Evidence-based practice
B - Scientific basis
C - Multidisciplinary practice
D - Holistic care

Answer 14

A

Question 15

While reflecting and determine what should be done, which questions might help focus thinking? Select all that apply.
A - What else might work in this situation
B - What was done? Why was it done?
C - What rationale do I have for my decisions?
D - Which beliefs and values are shaping my assumptions?
E - When should I document my findings?

Answer 15

A
B
C

Question 16

When arriving to take a client’s blood pressure, a nurse witnesses an argument between client and spouse. Recognizing that stress can alter blood pressure, the nurse encourages the spouse to step out and get something to drink, giving the client and opportunity to calm down. The nurse returns later to take the clients blood pressure after the client has had time to settle down. what is true about this situation? Select all that apply.
A - The nurse used theoretical knowledge by recognizing the argument would raise blood pressure
B - The nurse used ethical knowledge by returning to get an accurate reading instead of just assuming the client’s blood pressure would return to normal.
C - The nurse used practical knowledge by communicating with the spouse and suggesting a break in order to get an accurate reading
D - The nurse used scientific basis to determine steps in applying the nursing plan for obtaining a blood pressure reading.
E - the nurse was carrying out the planning part of the nursing process

Answer 16

A
B
C

Question 17

What is the purpose of the nursing process?
A - To guide the nurse in providing goal-directed, patient-centered care
B - To give the nurse a linear guide to creating a nursing plan
C - To act as a foundation for providing effective care based on sound knowledge.
D - To allow for accurate diagnosis and treatment in one step for efficiency

Answer 17

A

Question 18

The nurse documents, “Anxiety related to change in health status and situational crisis.” This is an example of which steps in the nursing process?
A - Assessment
B - Nursing Diagnosis
C - Implementation
D - Planning

Answer 18

B

Question 19

A nurse is in charge of a client with multiple challenges who is not responding to care as predicted. Upon evaluating the care plan and outcomes the nurse realizes the interventions should be altered. What is the next step in the nursing process?
A - Reassess the client, create a new nursing diagnosis if needed, and plan for new outcomes with new interventions.
B - Go directly to creating new interventions as a new assessment and diagnosis is not needed.
C - Question the client about the response to determine why it occurred and then try to implement the same interventions in a different manner.
D - Determine if there are physical reasons the client is not responding or if it is psychological and the client needs psychological interventions.

Answer 19

A

Question 20

How is critical thinking used in nursing other than in the nursing process? Select all that apply.
A - In determining how many nurses to staff during a shift
B - When creating a list of inventory needed for the unit
C - In determining which medications to order to fulfill possible standing physician orders.
D - When sending clients to outsides departments for diagnostic treatment
E - When evaluating a. Client’s response to interventions

Answer 20

A
B

Question 21

A nurse becomes irritated with a client who is requesting more ice chips and refers to the client as “the ice man in 201” to other nursing staff. In which important component of nursing has the nurse failed to engage?
A -Caring
B - Empathy
C - Problem-solving
D - Ethical Knowledge

Answer 21

A

Question 22

The registered nurse is educating a student nurses about critical thinking when caring for clients. Which action made by the graduate nurse indicates the use of critical thinking?
A - Analyzing a client’s temperature changes and assessing for signs of infection
B - Filling out food selections on the menu with the client to determine food preferences
C - Ensuring the bed is in a low and locked position and the call light is in reach prior to leaving the client’s room.
D - Asking the client to verify his or her name and date of birth prior to medication administration

Answer 22

A

Question 23

A registered nurse is instructing nursing students about incorporating critical thinking into client care. Which attributes will the registered nurse include during this lesson? Select all that apply.
A - Need to find the truth
B - Openness to other options
C - Use of reasoned thinking
D - Capacity to reflect on situations
E - Ability to delegate tasks to others
F - Ability to convey important information

Answer 23

A
B
C
D

Question 24

A nurse is working in a health-care facility with a protocol of having clients who have pneumonia turn, cough, and deep breathe. This nurse is assigned to care for a client admitted with pneumonia but does not encourage the client to cough because the client also has esophageal varices from cirrhosis. Which aspect of critical thinking is this nurse using to guide client care?
A - Client’s roles
B - Client’s culture
C - Individual differences
D - Multiple and varying concerns

Answer 24

C

Question 25

The nurse recognizes that the client has crackles in the lower lung fields from an accumulation of fluid. He further explores the patient’s weight, intake and output, and medication list before documenting the findings.
A - Critical thinking
B - Not critical thinking

Answer 25

A

Question 26

The unlicensed assistive personnel reports to the nurse that the blood pressure for a client is very low. The nurse reports the information to the next shift.
A - Critical thinking
B - Not critical thinking

Answer 26

B

Question 27

Without assistance, a student ambulates a client in the hallway who recently returned from surgery.
A - Critical thinking
B - Not critical thinking

Answer 27

B

Question 28

A nurse decides to place the intravenous catheter into the client’s left arm because he is right handed.
A - Critical thinking
B - Not critical thinking

Answer 28

A

Question 29

The nurse delivers the first dose of a new blood pressure medicine that the client has not taken previously. She assesses the blood pressure before delivery of the medication and 1 hour afterward. Prior to the second dosage, the patient’s blood pressure is very low and the nurse decides to hold the medication.
A - Critical thinking
B - Not critical thinking

Answer 29

A

Question 30

A client tells the nurse that the hospital food is “terrible.” The nurse asks what foods the client would prefer based on his cultural customs. She then contacts the dietary department to determine whether adjustments can be made. After the next meal, the nurse asks the client whether the food has improved.
A - Critical thinking
B - Not critical thinking

Answer 30

A

Question 31

Which of the following exemplify critical thinking? Select all that apply.
A - Decision making following data evaluation
B - Always delivering medications as ordered
C - Following a step-by-step procedure
D - Collecting data and recording findings
E - Accounting for patient considerations

Answer 31

A
E

Question 32

The steps of critical thinking include which of the following? Select all that apply.
A - Perform
B - Analyze
C - Assume
D - Identify
E - Explore

Answer 32

B
D
E

Question 33

Which of the following describe the decision-making process of a nurse?
A - Simplistic list of options
B - Innate process of thinking
C - Methodical linear process
D - Complex maze of alternatives

Answer 33

D

Question 34

How can a student develop critical-thinking skills? Select all that apply.
A - Study with a peer to compare class notes.
B - Play “what if?” multiple times a day.
C - Come to class daily.
D - Question each test item, asking why it was incorrect.
E - Complete all of the questions at the end of the book chapter.

Answer 34

B
D

Question 35

The nurse completes the critical-thinking process but the client’s care outcome has been only partially met. What should be the nurse’s next action?
A - Share the process with a peer so he or she can make decisions the same way.
B - Reevaluate the plan to determine whether it was realistic.
C - Consider the process complete.
D - Repeat the same thinking process for the next client.

Answer 35

B

Question 36

The nurse enters a client’s room to obtain a fasting blood glucose reading and notices the breakfast tray is in front of the client. Which action best indicates the nurse using critical thinking?
A - Obtaining the blood glucose reading and documenting the client is halfway through breakfast
B - Asking the client if he or she has eaten any food yet
C - Deferring the blood glucose reading until the next time it is scheduled
D - Notifying the health-care provider that the client has eaten prior to the blood glucose reading

Answer 36

B

Question 37

Which of the nurse’s questions demonstrates critical thinking?
A - “Have I gathered enough data to make a decision?
B - “Where do I document my findings?”
C - “When does the nursing intervention need to be performed?”
D - “What assessments must be done?”

Answer 37

A

Question 38

Which is the best example of intellectual courage?
A - A nurse fairly examines his or her own values and beliefs even when uncomfortable
B - A nurse does not jump to conclusions right away but thinks through all the options before acting
C - A nurse admits he or she does not have all the answers and is willing to ask for assistance from others
D - A nurse tries to understand the feelings of other people and visualize a situation from their vantage points.

Answer 38

A

Question 39

Which nursing action is part of the evaluation phase when performing wound care for a client?
A - Obtaining wound measurements once a week
B - Irrigating the wound with normal saline
C - Observing the drainage of the fresh wound
D - Discussing goals for wound management with the client

Answer 39

A

Question 40

Which nursing action reflects the nurse assisting the client in maintaining belief?
A - Bathing and dressing the client
B - Making eye contact with the client
C - Providing encouragement to a client with a new amputation
D - Listening to the client’s feelings about the amputation

Answer 40

C

Question 41

A nurse with several years of experience in the intensive care unit obtains a new job in the newborn nursery at the health-care facility. Which critical thinking attitude would be best for the nurse to employ in this new setting when asking for guidance?
A - Intellectual humility
B - Intellectual empathy
C - Fair-mindedness
D - Intellectual courage

Answer 41

A

Question 42

Which critical thinking skills will a nurse utilize when reviewing the health record of a new client to prepare a nursing diagnosis? Select all that apply.
A - Visualizing potential solutions to a problem
B - Prioritizing or ranking data as needed
C - Thinking independently with curiosity and perseverance
D - Separating relevant from irrelevant data

Answer 42

A
B
D