Chapter 8.1 Essential Nutrients Flashcards
A molecule composed of three or more submits.
Polymer
A molecule composed of sugar subunits that contain carbon:hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.
Carbohydrates
A single sugar unit.
Monosaccharide
One of a group of chemicals that have the same chemical formula but different arrangements of the atoms.
Isomer
A sugar formed by the joining of two monosaccharide subunits.
Disaccharide
The process by which larger molecules are formed by the removal of water from two smaller molecules.
Dehydration Synthesis.
The process by which larger molecules are split into smaller molecules by the addition of water.
Hydrolysis
A carbohydrate composed of many single sugar subunits.
Polysaccharide
A plant carbohydrate used to store energy.
Starch
The form of carbohydrate storage in animals.
Glycogen
A plant polysaccharide that makes up plant cell walls.
Cellulose
A lipid composed of glycerol and three fatty acids.
Triglyceride.
A lipid composed of glycerol and saturated fatty acids; solid at room temperature.
Fat.
A lipid composed of glycerol and unsaturated fatty acids; liquid at room temperature.
Oil.
A lipid with a phosphate molecule attached to the glycerol backbone, making the molecule polar; the major components of cell membranes.
Phospholipid
