Chapter 8: Training Essentials Flashcards

Question

Chapter 8: Training Essentials p153 Six Rs of learning and experience: Recognition

Answer 1

The most basic level of training and the foundation for firefighter operational knowledge. This level evaluates the ability to recognize various elements of the subject matter. This is generally measured by questions and answered or visual recognition of key elements.

Answer 2

(First level in model in which experiences developed) Repetition is building muscle memory and mental models by drilling repeatedly on an established standard or best practice. At this level paying attention to detail is critical to ensure bad habits are not forming, and that desired principles and practice are being reinforced. The goal of this level of training should focus on mastering the basics.

Answer 3

(This is the phase when training becomes personal) This level evaluates real-world conditions. Evaluates the ability to apply knowledge and skills to real world situations. Where firefighter demonstrates the confidence and ability necessary to handle scenarios or actual fire. Coaching in immediate feedback have great value of this phase. __

Answer 4

Evaluates the understanding of the who, what, where, when, why, how, and to what degree. The theory of the evolution/task. Although hands-on training is essential for success and survival on the fire ground it often fails to provide the theory behind the evolution or task. Hands-on allows us to evaluate the how but not the why. If the firefighter can explain what they just experienced it's likely that they have received sufficient training and experience to obtain an understanding of the information or action. It is extremely important support decision-making process. Should be a personal connection at this level Accurate well thought out feedback is essential when evaluating this level We think in stories this level evaluates the firefighter story and therefore how they explain the way things work and justify decisions. __

Answer 5

Review- maintenance phase - for maintaining ___________________________ Pinnacle training and experience. Redirection not only involves the ability to apply training and experience, but also evaluates the emotional maturity necessary for making difficult decisions. Evaluates the ability to maintain situational awareness and the ability to apply the principles and practices associated with risk management and crew resource management. At this level the firefighter should demonstrate the ability to recognize "wrong", and the courage and emotional maturity cease operations. Firefighter should then redirect all operations to achieve a more desirable outcome. ___

Answer 6

1. Training that impacts the firefighter on a personal level has the greatest impact. Few things are more personal than success and survival. Teach to those. 2. Emotional bookmarks referred to how a person responds to a past similar experience (tactic memory). Tying emotion to training allows those emotional bookmarks to be set (tactic memory) for future recalls. 3. Personal training is natural result when considering the importance of emotions. How our brain works

Answer 7

A line of duty death report this involves research and a presentation. Each month our company is tasked with presenting a line of duty death report to the shifter battalion. The object of the training is to research a line of duty death present the factors that led to the outcome in a positive manner without placing blame or finger-pointing, and then deliver a presentation on how it could happen to us if circumstances were different. The more personal you can make the drill the greater influence it has on companies. __

Answer 8

1. You must be engaged and invested as a facilitator, actively listening when appropriate. 2. Create a relationship to the subject 3. Be passionate about the subject and the discussion 4. Tell stories of personal experience relating to the subject 5. Connect behaviors, attitudes, and performance to reality 6. Make the connection between responsibility and consequences 7. Cause firefighters to take ownership of the information 8. Make the "why me" connection 9. Make the training experience interesting and interactive 10. Provide lessons learned ___

Answer 9

While some technology has its place up for hands-on training as well as knowledge development led by qualified members. Ensure your training is resulting in learning, not entertainment

Answer 10

Risk is on the y-axis, frequency is on the X axis. The grid is divided into four equal quadrants as follows: Top left quadrant: high risk – low-frequency events Top right quadrant: high risk – high-frequency Bottom left quadrant: low risk – low frequency Bottom right quadrant: low risk high-frequency Top left quadrant is divided in half on the diagonal with the top half nondiscretionary time, the lower half being discretionary time

Answer 11

When prioritizing training everything that we do can be placed into one of the four quadrants based on risk and frequency. For the top left quadrant subdivided into discretionary and nondiscretionary time – discretionary time should be used to look, listen, ask questions and do whatever else is needed to improve the quality of the action or decision at hand. Failure to use discretionary time is mistake Priority for training should go to high risk/ low frequency non-discretionary time task then down through low risk -low frequency.

Answer 12

May very well be the missing link to explain many line of duty deaths. Those incidents when you read the report and wonder what were they thinking, SSR may very well provide some exploration. SSR postulates that when firefighters perceive a threat, like when things are going sideways in a fire, the sympathetic nervous system takes over leading to negative psychological and physiological reactions such as increased heart rate and decreased situational awareness.

Answer 13

At 115 bpm: 1. Find/complex motor skills may be compromised – making basic self survival skills difficult to perform. 2. Decreased eye hand coordination and finger dexterity 3. Ability to multitask may decrease 4. Gross (large) motor skills increased __

Answer 14

Hearing may become distressed

Answer 15

1. Tunnel vision may occur (actual vision narrows). Studies indicate that a person in SSR will experience about a 70% decrease in their visual field. 2. It becomes difficult to remember what happened. (This is why the recital included in the six Rs is essential. During training year asking firefighters to recall and describe what they learned or experienced. Helps train the brain to put action into words)

Answer 16

Firefighter begins to experience hypervigilance, like a deer in headlights. When in a hyper-vigilance state it becomes difficult to: 1. observe, 2. orient, 3. decide, and 4. act

Answer 17

30% in the last 24 hours 50% in the last 48 hours 75 - 95% in the last 72 to 100 hours

Answer 18

1. 84% experienced diminished sound 2. 79% experienced tunnel vision 3. 74% experienced automatic pilot – with little or no conscious thought 4. 62% experienced slow motion time

Answer 19

SSR may prevent the firefighter from recalling what they have been taught to corrective actions, and procedural patterns critical for survival. The impact of SSR when evaluating training and experience using the six Rs model cannot be ignored.

Answer 20

Impact of SS are when evaluating training and experience using the six Rs model can't be ignored. Preparing firefighters to deal with SSR begins with awareness. This involves educating the firefighter on the signs and symptoms of SSR and motivating them to make lifesaving decisions before SSR begins to affect them. Survival training must teach firefighters how to visualize survival in various high threat situations. Teaching technique should include ways to control breathing, how to remain calm, and managing hot cognitions. Teaching firefighters to remain cool should be done by making the connection between survival and managing emotions.