chapter 8 textbook

Question 1

what is the slow pathway of fear?

Answer 1

runs from the thalamus to the cortex and then to the amygalda. Because the amygalda recives info from the thalamus before it receives info from the cortex, a person can be afraid of something before he or she knows what it is.

Question 2

emotion regulation:

Answer 2

refers to the stratgeies people use to influence their own emotional experience

Question 3

define extrinsice motivation

Answer 3

motivation to take actions that lead to reward

Question 4

deintensification

Answer 4

involves muting the expression of one’s emotion as when the loser of a contest tries to look a bit dissappointed rather than totally devasted.

Question 5

avoidance motivation:

Answer 5

motivation to avoid experiencing negative outcomes

Question 6

intensification

Answer 6

involves exaggeration the expression of ones emotion like when a person pretends to be pleased by an unwanted gift

Question 7

need for acheivement:

Answer 7

motivation to solve worth while problems

Question 8

valence:

Answer 8

hpw positive or negative the expeirence is

Question 9

what is the fast pathway of fear?

Answer 9

runs from the thalamus directly to the amygalda

Question 10

obesity is defined as having a body mass index of – or greater

Answer 10

30

Question 11

we do not know whether hunger is one signal or many but we do know the primary receiver of these signals is the —————–

Answer 11

hypothalmus

Question 12

what are 4 major problems with the James-Lange theory?

Answer 12

1. Emotional experiences sometimes happen more rapidly than bodily responses ex.) blushing 2. People are not always aware of their bodily responses 3. All sorts of unemotional events can cause the body to respond 4. Physiologists know that there are far fewer unqiue patterns of bodily activity than there are unique emotional experience

Question 13

neutralizing:

Answer 13

involves showing no expression of the emotion one is feeling as when a card plaer tries to keep a poker face

Question 14

Bulimia nervosa:

Answer 14

is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by compensatory behaviour.

Question 15

what is the hedonic principle?

Answer 15

is the claim that people are motivated to expreince pleasure and avoid pain.

Question 16

what does ghrelin signal?

Answer 16

is one of the oxrixigenic signals that tells the brain to switch to hunger.

Question 17

Universality hypothesis:

Answer 17

which suggests that emotional expressions have the same meaning for everyone.

Question 18

In a sense the amygaldala hit the ——- and the cortex hits the ——–

Answer 18

pedal / brake

Question 19

appraisal:

Answer 19

to mean an evaluation of the emotion-relevant aspects of a stimulus

Question 20

approach motivation:

Answer 20

motivation to experience positive outcomes

Question 21

what is one way that people cope with existential terror?

Answer 21

by developing a cultural worldview which is a shared set of beliefs about what is good and right and true.

Question 22

what is an example of intrinsic motivation?

Answer 22

when we eat a potato chip because it tastes good, exercise because it feels good or listen to music because it sounds good.

Question 23

Leptin is secreted by what?

Answer 23

fat cells

Question 24

define intrinsic motivation

Answer 24

is a motivation to take actions that are themselves rewarding

Question 25

what did abraham maslow do?

Answer 25

attempted to organize the list of human urges

Question 26

when people with capgrass syndrome, what connection is missing, neural connection:

Answer 26

the neural connections between the temporal lobe (where faces are identified) and limbic system (where emotions are generated) had been damaged

Question 27

A monkey had brain surgery and after became fearless, what was most likely damaged in this surgery?

Answer 27

amygdala

Question 28

what is the best strategy for emotional regulation?

Answer 28

reappraisal

Question 29

Facial feedback hypothesis:

Answer 29

suggests that emotional expressions can cause the emotional experiences they signify. Like superman pose caues us to be more confident.

Question 30

masking:

Answer 30

involves expressing ones emotion whle feeling another, as when a judge tries noit to betray contempt for lawayers as they make their case

Question 31

what does leptin signal?

Answer 31

is an anorexigenic signal that tells the brain to switch hunger off.

Question 32

arousal:

Answer 32

how active or passive the experience is

Question 33

reappraisal:

Answer 33

involves changing one's emotional experience by changing the way one thinks about the emotion-elicitng stimulus

Question 34

the amygalda is an etremely fast and sensitive detector whose primary job is what?

Answer 34

to decide whether a stimulus is or is not a threat.

Question 35

display rule:

Answer 35

which is a norm for the appropriate expression of emotion

Question 36

emotional expression:

Answer 36

is an observable sign of an emotional state

Question 37

example of extrinsic motivation?

Answer 37

floss our teeth so we avoid gum disease, work hard for money so we can pay rent and take an exam so we can get a university degree

Question 38

what is ghrelin, where is it produce?

Answer 38

is a hormone produced in the stomach