Chapter 8 Test 🌋 Flashcards
A depositional mountain landform built from solidified magma from deep in the earth
Volcano
The word that refers to anything having to do with molten earth materials
Igneous
A hole that widens forms a:
Vent
What magma turns into after erupting
Lava
Molten rock that is inside of the earth
Magma
A depression at the top of a cone
Crater
Lava with a smoothly wrinkled, ropey surface
Pahoehoe
Lava with a splintered, sharply fractured surface
‘a’a
A liquid that resists flowing (honey, molasses, etc.)
Viscous
Vents in the ground where steam and other gases from volcanic activity escape
Fumaroles
Ash, cinders, bombs are called
Pyroclastic Material
A layer of loose pyroclastic materials and ash covering the ground
Tephra
Thick layers of igneous rocks that cover large areas
Flood Basalts
Eruptions of mostly runny, basaltic lavas form:
Shield Volcanoes
Eruptions of bursts of gases that eject mostly pyroclastic materials form:
Cinder Cone
Eruptions that alternately eject lava and pyroclastic materials form:
Stratovolcanoes
A volcano that is currently erupting or has been observed to erupt
Active Volcano
An inactive but uneroded volcano
Dormant Volcano
A volcano that shows no signs of seismic or volcanic activity
Extinct Volcano
The indicator of a volcano’s destructiveness
Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI)
This occurs when magma works its way into cracks and spaces inside the crust near volcanic vents
Intrusive Volcanism
Horizontal shelf-like igneous formations
Sills
Vertical wall-like igneous formations
Dikes
Large amounts of magma collected in huge chambers within the crust and then cooled and hardened
Plutons
