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BJU Earth Science 8th Grade > Chapter 8 Test 🌋 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Test 🌋 Flashcards

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1
Q

A depositional mountain landform built from solidified magma from deep in the earth

A

Volcano

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2
Q

The word that refers to anything having to do with molten earth materials

A

Igneous

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3
Q

A hole that widens forms a:

A

Vent

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4
Q

What magma turns into after erupting

A

Lava

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5
Q

Molten rock that is inside of the earth

A

Magma

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6
Q

A depression at the top of a cone

A

Crater

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7
Q

Lava with a smoothly wrinkled, ropey surface

A

Pahoehoe

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8
Q

Lava with a splintered, sharply fractured surface

A

‘a’a

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9
Q

A liquid that resists flowing (honey, molasses, etc.)

A

Viscous

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10
Q

Vents in the ground where steam and other gases from volcanic activity escape

A

Fumaroles

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11
Q

Ash, cinders, bombs are called

A

Pyroclastic Material

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12
Q

A layer of loose pyroclastic materials and ash covering the ground

A

Tephra

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13
Q

Thick layers of igneous rocks that cover large areas

A

Flood Basalts

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14
Q

Eruptions of mostly runny, basaltic lavas form:

A

Shield Volcanoes

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15
Q

Eruptions of bursts of gases that eject mostly pyroclastic materials form:

A

Cinder Cone

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16
Q

Eruptions that alternately eject lava and pyroclastic materials form:

A

Stratovolcanoes

17
Q

A volcano that is currently erupting or has been observed to erupt

A

Active Volcano

18
Q

An inactive but uneroded volcano

A

Dormant Volcano

19
Q

A volcano that shows no signs of seismic or volcanic activity

A

Extinct Volcano

20
Q

The indicator of a volcano’s destructiveness

A

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI)

21
Q

This occurs when magma works its way into cracks and spaces inside the crust near volcanic vents

A

Intrusive Volcanism

22
Q

Horizontal shelf-like igneous formations

A

Sills

23
Q

Vertical wall-like igneous formations

A

Dikes

24
Q

Large amounts of magma collected in huge chambers within the crust and then cooled and hardened

A

Plutons

25
Q

The largest type of pluton

A

Batholiths

26
Q

Smaller plutons that seem to have formed from blobs of magma collected at the tops of deep dikes

A

Laccoliths

27
Q

The rate of temperature change with depth

A

Geothermal Gradient

28
Q

A repeating system of water cooling and heating back up

A

Hydrothermal Circuit

29
Q

A hot spring that forcefully ejects water from the ground at regular intervals

A

Geyser

30
Q

Energy that is created by magma

A

Geothermal Energy

BJU Earth Science 8th Grade (9 decks)

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