Chapter 6 Test 🏔 Flashcards
A series of low-frequency shock waves somewhat like sound waves, traveling through the earth
Earthquake
A force exerted inside a material
Stress
The type of stress that is like crushing a soda can
Compression
The type of stress that is like pulling on a rope while someone else is also from the other side
Tension
The type of stress when forces are acting in opposite directions on different parts of the same object
Shear
When two tectonic plates spread away from each other
Divergent Boundary
When two tectonic plates move toward each other and collide
Convergent Boundary
When two tectonic plates slide past each other in opposite directions
Transform Boundary
The distortion, bending, stretching, or compression of a material under stress
Strain
When rocks under stress form cracks when they begin to fail
Joint
When a rock moves as it cracks
Fault
Geologists define the direction of a fault by its _____
Strike
The angle that Geologists measure the fault face downward from the horizontal
Dip
If a fault’s motion is parallel to its dip, then it is called a _____
Dip-Slip Fault
The type of fault where the block above the fault surface dropped in relation to the block under the fault
Normal Fault
The type of fault where the upper block rose in relation to the lower block
Reverse Fault
The type of fault where the two blocks move horizontally
Strike-Slip Fault
The instrument that detects seismic waves
Seismometer
The fastest type of body wave
P Wave
The type of body wave that arrives second
S Wave
The type of body wave that arrives last
Surface Waves
The center of an earthquake located deep underground
Focus
The spot on the surface of the earth that is directly above the Focus
Epicenter
The type of scale that measures the severity of an earthquake using its energy released
Richter Scale
The type of scale that measures the intensity of an earthquake using the destruction
MMI Scale
The units used to measure an earthquake using the Righter Scale
Magnitude
The units used to measure an earthquake using the MMI Scale
Intensity
What does MMI stand for?
Modified Mercalli Intensity
A huge wave caused by an earthquake
Tsunami
