Chapter 8 - Syntax

Question 1

Generative grammar

Answer 1

A set of rules defining the possible sentences in a language.

Question 2

Deep structure

Answer 2

The underlying structure of sentences as represented by phrase structure rules.

Question 3

Surface structure

Answer 3

The structure of individual sentences after the application of movement rules to deep structure.

Question 4

Structural ambiguity

Answer 4

Two different deep structures can have the same surface structure. “Annie bumped into a man with an umbrella”. This is a case of structural ambiguity.

Question 5

Phrase structure rules

Answer 5

Rules stating that the structure of a phrase of a specific type consists of one or more constituents in a particular order.

Question 6

Lexical rules

Answer 6

rules stating which words can be used for constituents generated by phrase structure rules.

Question 7

Tree diagrams

Answer 7

Begin with S for sentence. That is C = Complementary and begins CP. After C comes new S in the tree.