Chapter 8: States of Matter Flashcards

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1
Q

Solid

A

A definite shape. the shape of a solid never changes unless acted on by an outside force

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2
Q

Liquid

A

A definite volume. no matter the container or position of the object its length width and height never changes unless acted on by an outside force

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3
Q

Gas

A

A changeable shape. A gas takes the shape of whatever container it is found in.

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4
Q

Plasma

A

Large amount of thermal energy. when added to matter a decrease I thermal energy. when matter added to plasma a large increase in thermal energy.

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5
Q

Crystalline Solids

A

Solids with regular patterns form crystals.

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6
Q

Amorphous Solids

A

Solids without regular repeating patterns.

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7
Q

Surface Tension

A

Molecules of a liquid are always pulling inward. This brings the molecules of the surface close together.

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8
Q

Viscosity

A

A liquids resistance to flowing

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9
Q

Fluids

A

A substance that flows

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10
Q

Liquefaction

A

The change from a solid to a liquid

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11
Q

Solidification

A

The change from a liquid to a solid

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12
Q

Vaporization

A

The change from liquid to gas

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13
Q

Sublimation

A

When particles of a solid gain energy and form gas

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14
Q

Pressure

A

Gas particles constantly collide with one another and with the walls of the container they’re in

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15
Q

Temperature

A

a measure of the average energy of random motion of particles in a substance

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16
Q

Volume

A

The amount of matter in a given space

17
Q

Dependent Variable

A

that depends on other factors

18
Q

Independent Variable

A

It is a variable that stands alone and isn’t changed by the other variables you are trying to measure.

19
Q

Inversely Proportional

A

When the value of one quantity increases with respect to decrease in other or vice-versa

20
Q

Directly Proportional

A

if one quantity goes up by a certain percentage, the other quantity goes up by the same percentage as well.

21
Q

How does thermal temperature change States of matter?

A

Solid to liquid.
Increase in thermal energy.
Solid to gas.
Increase in thermal energy.
Liquid to gas.
Increase in thermal energy.
Gas to solid.
Decrease in thermal energy.
Gas to liquid.
Decrease in thermal energy.
Liquid to solid.
Decrease in thermal energy.

22
Q

particle arrangement in Solids liquids and gases

A

Solid - closely packed together
Liquid - loosely packed
Gas - very far apart

23
Q

Differences between melting and freezing points.

A

freezing- At this point the molecules in water begin to move slower and slower, forming regular patterns.
melting - Many scientists will compare melting points of substances to identify an unknown substance.

24
Q

Condensation

A

Particles in a gas lose enough thermal energy to form a liquid.

25
Q

how to calculate P or pressure

A

P = F\a

26
Q

Boyle’s law

A

Describes the relation between pressure and volume.

27
Q

Boiling point

A

Temperature in which a liquid boils