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PSYC 333 > Chapter 8: Sexually Transmitted Infections > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Sexually Transmitted Infections Flashcards

1
Q

True or False All STIs can be asymptomatic, but they can damage an individuals health and be transmitted to other partners or to babies without the affected person showing any visible signs or symptoms

A

True

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2
Q

Selected Factors That Elevate Risk for Sexually Transmitted Infection (name a few)

A

I am sexually active and under 25

I use a non-barrier method of contraception

I have had a new sexual partner in the past year

I have been under the influence of alcohol or drugs when having sexual contact

I am in a consensual non-monogameous sexual relationship

I am in a monogamous sexual relationship and I have had sexual relationships in the past

I have had a one-time sexual partner

I am a survivor of sexual assault

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3
Q

Referred to as both the “French Pox” and the “English Pox”

In the 1500s, treatment was with mercury
Some think that Colombus brought it
1900s on, was treated with arsenic, and with the advent of antibiotics in the 1940s, with penicillin

A

Syphyilis

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4
Q

the “new scarlet letter” 1980s Transmitted in various ways, most commonly through oral-genital sex, genital-genital sex, and genital-anal contact

A

herpes

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5
Q

Started in 1981 when an article in the US Centers for Disease Control’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report concerning unusual infections seen in five same-gender/sex-oriented me in Los Angeles

A

HIV/AIDS

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6
Q

Simian immunodeficiency virus, seen in primates, is the probable source of Blank; crossed from primates to humans between 1910 and 1950

A

hiv

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7
Q

Before __ , the time for death with AIDS was 3-5 years. turned it into a manageable chronic condition, Decreased infected persons viral load (amount of virus)

A

ARV : antiretroviral

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8
Q

highest prevalence of any reportable STI in Canada

A

Chlamydia

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9
Q

young heterosexual females and males aged 20 to 24 have the highest incidence of ___ in this country

A

chlamydia

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10
Q

Routes of transmission of chlamydia and gonnorrhea

A

Penile-Vaginal and Penile-Anal intercourse

Also oral sex

Transmitted to infant during childbirth

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11
Q

symptoms of chlamydia

A

Mostly asymptomatic or minimal symptoms

Mild discharge from the vagina, penis, or anus

Urinary symptoms such as burning or itching

Vaginal Bleeding

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12
Q

Consequences of chlamydia

A

May spread to the uterus and fallopian tubes and cause Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

Could lead to infertility and increased likelihood of ectopic pregnancy and chronic pelvic pain

Because its asymptomatic most women only discover when they are trying to get pregnant

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13
Q

How to diagnose chlamydia

A

sample with a swab from the cervix, vagina, urethra, anus, or throat

Sample from collecting and analyzing a first catch urine sample

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14
Q

Highest among gay men and people who have had sex with locals while travelling abroad or with travelers to Canada

A

Gonnorrhea

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15
Q

More frequently symptomatic than chlamydia

Pus yellowish to greenish discharge from the vagina, urethra, or anus

A

Gonnorrhea

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16
Q

this sti can enter the bloodstream and affect the joints, the skin, and the tissues that surround the liver, the heart valves and the brain’s membranes

A

gonnorrhea

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17
Q

Not common in the general population

Highest among gay men

A

Syphilis

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18
Q

Swelling of lymph nodes near the site of contact and single or multiple painless ulcers (can go unnoticed) is what stage of syphilis

A

Initial infection-Primary Syphilis

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19
Q

Rash on the palms of the hands, the soles of the feet, and the trunk

Flat, warty lesions in the anogenital area (anus and genitals), patches of erosions and/or whitish skin in the mouth or anogenital area, fever, malaise, joint aches, loss of hair

Ocular syphilis is possible and rapidly progresses to blindness if not treated rapidly
What stage of syphilis is this

A

Secondary

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20
Q

If untreated, syphilis can progress to the tertiary stage - explain this stage

A

Affects the blood vessels, heart, and eyes, and sensory or brain damage may occur

Cause growths called gummas on the bones or in the internal organs and it can eventually lead to death

Heightens the risk of HIV acquisition or transmission, particularly when ulcers or lesions are present

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21
Q

Diagnosis for syphilis

A

blood test

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22
Q

Treatment for syphilis

A

Injected benzathine penicillin

Oral medication is less reliable, especially for central nervous system infection

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23
Q

Jarish Herxheimer reaction

A

Pain and fever post benzathine penicillin

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24
Q

prevention of syphilis

A

Proper use of external and internal condom

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25
Q

HSV Type 1

A

lip and anogenital areas

26
Q

HSV type 2

A

rarely found outside anogenital area

27
Q

precise information about prevalence of herpes limited due to:

A

not being a reportable disease

28
Q

Routes of transmission for herpes

A

Genital-genital, oral-genital, oral-anal, penile-anal, and oral-oral contact

Childbirth from caretakers with cold sores who do not wash their hands and wear gloves

29
Q

Orolabial herpes usually consists of recurrent lesions on or around where

A

lips (cold sore)

30
Q

Each outbreak lasts for a few days , but how long does it Remain in the body’s nervous system

A

for life

31
Q

HSV-2 more recurrent than HSV-1 (t or f)

A

true

32
Q

treatment

A

Oral antiviral drugs can limit the length of an initial herpes outbreak

33
Q

most prevalent sti in Canada (75%)

A

HPV

34
Q

how many genotypes of hpv have been identified

A

120

35
Q

route of transmission for HPV

A

skin to skin contact between an infected and an uninfected individual

Generally occurs through genital-genital, genital-anal, or oral-genital sexual contact

36
Q

Some develop warts in genital/nongenital areas

Some will have abnormal Pap tests, and some will develop cervical, penile, oropharyngeal precancerous conditions or cancers long after infection occurs

A

hpv

37
Q

Only 50% will have immunity after cleared

Only 20% of men who have sex with women have detectable immunity

A

HPV

38
Q

Having a sexual partner who is more than 2 years older raises risk of __

A

HPV

39
Q

Transmitted when the blood or another bodily fluid of an infected individual comes into contact with the oral, genital, or anal mucosa and bloodstream of an uninfected individual

Penile-vaginal and penile-anal intercourse are high-risk behaviours for __ transmission because they cause tears in the mucosal linings which help HIV enter the bloodstream directly

A

HIV (human Immunodeficiency vitus)

40
Q

At time of initial infection: flu-like symptoms with enlarged lymph nodes

Later, moderate to severe immune system damage and the development of opportunistic infections that take advantage of the individuals compromised immune defences

A

HIV

41
Q

Consequences of HIV

A

If untreated, HIV progresses to AIDS (damage of the immune system, opportunistic infections that affect the individual because of their impaired immune response, cancers, neurologic and cardiac diseases, and death )

42
Q

Many types, all of which involve inflammation of the liver (most common are ABC)

A

Hepatitis

43
Q

Hepatitis __ is prevalent at epidemic levels in certain “closed” communities, such as prisons, in which food that is contaminated with the virus is served to a number of people

Also Common among gay men

A

Hepatitis A

44
Q

Hepatitis ____ is prevalent among MLM and injection users

It is also common in individuals from countries where this disease is prevalent, in countries where blood products are not screened before medical use,

A

Hepatitis B

45
Q

Hepatitis ___ prevalent among injection users, individuals from countries where there is poor infection control in health care settings, in countries where blood products are not screened, and in HIV-positive MLM

A

Hepatitis C

46
Q

Route of transmission “fecal-oral route, including oral-anal sex, and ingestion of food or water contaminated with feces “

A

Hepatitis a

47
Q

route of transmission “sexual contact, drug-injection/prep equipment, and sexual activities that cause trauma at the sites of sexual contact”

A

Hep b

48
Q

route of transmission’; not readily transmissible through most sexual activities in immunocompetent people

A

hep c

49
Q

what sti has symptoms of Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)

A

hepatitis

50
Q

Most people with hepatitis ___ survive and clear the virus from their bodies after appropriate treatment

For ___ and ___ the virus may remain in the individuals body, resulting in the possible development of cirrhosis of the liver and/or liver cancer

A

a, b, c

51
Q

Uncommon STI in most regions of Canada

Africa and other areas of the world and more common among women with multiple sexual partners

A

Trichomoniasis

52
Q

Profuse yellowish discharge in women, although the infection may be asymptomatic

Men is often asymptomatic

Pain upon urination and itching in the genital area (SYMPTOMS OF:)

A

Trichomoniasis

53
Q

vaginal yeast infection caused by overgrowth of natural organisms:

A

moniliasis

54
Q

cause by overgrowth of bacteria that usually live in the vagina

Common in pregnant women

Not generally considered an STI
Increase susceptibility to getting chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes, and HPV, HIV

A

Bacterial Vaginosis (HIGH pH)

55
Q

What are effective means for preventing HIV and HPV in sexually active individuals?

A

Both can be prevented by use of condoms

Vaccines can help with HPV and PREP can help with HIV

56
Q

What are the signs that a woman may be infected with chlamydia? What are the signs that a man may be infected with chlamydia?

A

Mostly asymptomatic but could include discharge from vagina or anus, urinary symptoms like itching, burning and even vaginal bleeding.

Male signs include discharge from penis or anus, and urinary symptoms like itching and burning.

57
Q

What are some of the health consequences of HPV infection?

A

Precancerous lesions and Cancers of the cervix

Genital warts

58
Q

What are the BACTERIAL infections?

A

chlamydia, gonnorrhea, syphilis

59
Q

VIRAL infections (4 H’s)

A

herpes, HIV, HPV, Hepatitis

60
Q

PARASITE infections

A

trichomoniasis, pubic lice, scabies

61
Q

desire discrepancy

A

Differences in partners’ sexual drives/libidos. Tips: no blame, communicate needs, acknowledge drives, masturbation.

62
Q
A

PSYC 333 (5 decks)

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