Chapter 8 - Sedimentary Rock Flashcards
Clastic sediments
broken pieces of rock deposited by water, wind, ice, or some other physical process
Chemical sediments
sediments produced by some inorganic (non-biological) precipitation of dissolved compounds
ex. evaporation
Biogenic sediments
sediments produced by organic (biological) precipitation of compounds or consist of the remains of living organisms
Sorting
grains are separated by density and size
Abrasion
grains become smaller and more rounded the longer that they are transported
Porosity
the amount of empty space contained in a rock
lithification
the solidification of buried sediments into rock. can happen through cementation or compaction
arkose
a form of sandstone with both quartz and feldspar in it
coquina
a form of sandstone composed entirely of shell fragments
graded bedding
forms when deposition occurs in water containing sediment consisting of many different sizes. heavier grains are below lighter grains