Chapter 8 Quiz - Neoplasia

Question 1

Benign neoplasms commonly display anaplastic cells.

True or false?

If false then which neoplasm.

Answer 1

False

Malignant neoplasms commonly display anaplastic cells

Question 2

In the TNM (Tumor, Nodes, Metastasis) staging criteria, Tis means the tumor has invaded nearby tissue.

True or false?

If false then what is Tis in TNM staging?

Answer 2

False

In the TNM staging criteria, Tis means carcinoma in situ, which means it has NOT invaded nearby tissue yet.

Question 3

A leiomyoma is a benign tumor of smooth muscle tissue.

True or false?

If false then what is leiomyoma.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

TP53 is a proto-oncogene that steps up the rate of the cell cycle in normal cells.

True or false?

If false then why type is it.

Answer 4

False

TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene that puts the “brake” on the cell cycle, especially when there has been DNA damage in normal cells; mutations to this gene would ‘take off the brakes’ and allow continued mitosis

Question 5

In low dose Brachytherapy, radioactive ‘seeds’ are placed in/near the tumor. This is a technique used, for example, as one of the treatments for prostate cancer.

True or false?

If false then what technique.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Obesity is a risk factor for prostate cancer.

True or false?

If false then what cancer.

Answer 6

True

Note: obesity is a risk factor for most cancers.

Question 7

___?___is how you would name a malignant tumor of cartilage.

Answer 7

___Chondrosarcoma___is how you would name a malignant tumor of cartilage.

Question 8

___?___is the term you might see on a path report that means the tissue sample contains cells of varying size and shape.

Answer 8

___Pleomorphism___is the term you might see on a path report that means the tissue sample contains cells of varying size and shape.

Question 9

___?___treatment is treatment aimed at relieving the symptoms and pain of disorders like cancer.

Answer 9

___Palliative___treatment is treatment aimed at relieving the symptoms and pain of disorders like cancer.

Question 10

Which of the following are ways in which cancer can spread into areas outside the original tumor or true about this type of spread?
(There may be more than one correct answer to this question.)

1. The tumor can directly invade neighboring tissue by breaking through the extracellular matrix and sending ‘crab-like’ extensions into nearby tissues.
2. Free cancer cells can be inadvertently released during surgery and ‘land’ elsewhere (which is an example of seeding).
3. Tumor cells can travel in the blood or lymphatic vessels to new sites (metastasis).
4. The cancer can be characterized as ‘in situ’.

Answer 10

1. The tumor can directly invade neighboring tissue by breaking through the extracellular matrix and sending ‘crab-like’ extensions into nearby tissues.
2. Free cancer cells can be inadvertently released during surgery and ‘land’ elsewhere (which is an example of seeding).
3. Tumor cells can travel in the blood or lymphatic vessels to new sites (metastasis).

Question 11

Which of the following are example(s) of viruses that can be oncogenic? (There may be more than one correct answer to this question.)

1. Human papilloma virus (HPV)
2. Hepatitis A virus (HAV)
3. Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8)
4. Influenza A virus (IAV)

Answer 11

1. Human papilloma virus (HPV)

3. Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8)

Question 12

Chemicals such as those found in cigarette smoke, asbestos and grilled meats; radiation from the sun, CT scans and nuclear accidents; and oncogenic pathogens can all cause cancer.

True or false?

If false then what cancer?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT true about malignant tumors?

1. They typically grow slowly.
2. Tumor cells are often metatastic.
3. The cells are typically undifferentiated and may be pleiomorphic may be hyperchromatic.
4. In general, they are much more likely to cause death than benign tumors.

Answer 13

1. They typically grow slowly.

These ARE malignant tumors:
2. Tumor cells are often metatastic.

3. The cells are typically undifferentiated and may be pleiomorphic may be hyperchromatic.
4. In general, they are much more likely to cause death than benign tumors.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an example of a paraneoplastic syndrome?

1. Lung cancers that inappropriately secrete ADH, causing SIADH and hyponatremia
2. Acanthosis nigricans where there is a dermatologic darkening of skin, especially in the axillary and cervical regions
3. Tumor cells that secrete a PTH-like protein that mimics the actions of PTH causing hypercalcemia
4. These are all examples of paraneoplastic syndrome

Answer 14

4. These are all examples of paraneoplastic syndrome

Question 15

A cancer with a TNM grade of T1N1MX is increasing in size, infiltrated the sentinal node and metastasized.

True or false?

If false then what.

Answer 15

False

MX means that metastasis has not been assessed

Question 16

Which of the following is/are risk factor(s) for breast cancer?
(There may be more than one correct answer to this question.)

1. past personal or family history
2. more than 3 alcoholic drinks per week
3. early onset of menarche or late menopause
4. mutations in the BrCa1 and/or BrCa2 genes

Answer 16

ALL

1. past personal or family history
2. more than 3 alcoholic drinks per week
3. early onset of menarche or late menopause
4. mutations in the BrCa1 and/or BrCa2 genes